A hydrogeological conceptual approach to study urban groundwater flow in Bucharest city, Romania
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Conceptual model
Drawdown (hydrology)
Bedrock
Groundwater model
Cone of depression
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Abstract Consideration of regional groundwater flow in aquifer systems allows for solving groundwater issues on a larger scale than single aquifers and contributes to all practical aspects of the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals for water. The approach has been extended to a wide range of hydrogeological environments. However, it suffers from poorly constrained terminology and conceptualisation, compounded by the difficulties of interpreting complex groundwater flow systems. This essay aims to initiate a discussion on improving the application of regional groundwater flow approaches.
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Groundwater model
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The U.S. Geological Survey is assessing groundwater availability in the Lake Michigan Basin. As part of the assessment, a variable-density groundwater-flow model is being developed to simulate the effects of groundwater use on water availability throughout the basin. The hydrogeologic framework for the Lake Michigan Basin model was developed by grouping the bedrock geology of the study area into hydrogeologic units on the basis of the functioning of each unit as an aquifer or confining layer within the basin. Available data were evaluated based on the areal extent of coverage within the study area, and procedures were established to characterize areas with sparse data coverage. Top and bottom altitudes for each hydrogeologic unit were interpolated in a geographic information system for input to the model and compared with existing maps of subsurface formations. Fourteen bedrock hydrogeologic units, making up 17 bedrock model layers, were defined, and they range in age from the Jurassic Period red beds of central Michigan to the Cambrian Period Mount Simon Sandstone. Information on groundwater salinity in the Lake Michigan Basin was compiled to create an input dataset for the variable-density groundwater-flow simulation. Data presented in this report are referred to as 'salinity data' and are reported in terms of total dissolved solids. Salinity data were not available for each hydrogeologic unit. Available datasets were assigned to a hydrogeologic unit, entered into a spatial database, and data quality was visually evaluated. A geographic information system was used to interpolate salinity distributions for each hydrogeologic unit with available data. Hydrogeologic units with no available data either were set equal to neighboring units or were vertically interpolated by use of values from units above and below.
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Groundwater discharge
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MODFLOW
Groundwater model
Groundwater discharge
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MODFLOW
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Groundwater discharge
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The establishment of hydrogeological conceptual model is pivotal to the evaluation and calculation of groundwater resources. Based on groundwater hydrodynamics and principle of water equilibrium, flow field analysis method is capable of estimating the structure and function of groundwater system. Thereby, a hydrogeological conceptual model of groundwater system may be outlined that can be served for exact evaluation of groundwater resources.
Conceptual model
Groundwater resources
Groundwater model
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Geomechanical and Hydrogeological tasks often require knowledge of groundwater level at different time-points. In usual hydrogeological practice, groundwater flow modeling is based on steady-state flow. As such, modeling results can provide analysis of groundwater final state only. More detailed results can be obtained if hydrogeological modeling is made for non-steady state (i.e., transient) groundwater flow. This paper describes approach of applying numerical profile modeling for transient flow to determine groundwater level, height of seepage and hydrodynamic flow parameters at various time-points for pit slope stability analysis using Slide2 software tools (Rocscience Inc.).
Groundwater model
Transient flow
Transient (computer programming)
Groundwater discharge
Flow conditions
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Based on the conditions of hydrogeology, groundwater exploitation and data of the research area, the hydrogeological concept model was conceptualized as a 2-D heterogeneous, isotropic and unstable groundwater flow system. A groundwater flow model was built by using the FEFLOW software (Finite Element Subsurface Flow and Transport Simulation System). This model can forecast the groundwater dynamic variation under the different exploitation plans and provide a scientific foundation for the groundwater development, utilization and optimum allocation.
Groundwater model
Foundation (evidence)
Subsurface Flow
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