Cobalt(III) Complexes with N,N′-Ethylene-bis(salicylideneaminate) and a Related Quadridentate Ligand
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Abstract Numerous six-coordinate cobalt(III) complexes with N,N′-ethylene-bis(salicylideneaminate) and N,N′-ethylene-bis [2-hydroxynaphthyl (1) -methyleneaminate], abbreviated as salen and nalen, respectively, have been synthesized and characterized. The complexes prepared are of the types [Co(salen)L2]X, MI [CoX2(salen)], [CoX(salen)H2O], [Co(nalen)L2] and [CoX(nalen)L], where X and L denote a univalent anion and a neutral unidentate li-gand, respectively. All these complexes are diamagne-tic and trans-six-coordinate.철결핍빈혈에서 cobalt 배설율검사의 진단적 가치를 검토할 목적으로 1974년 4월부터 1976년 4월까지 서울대학교 의과대학 부속병원 내과와 원자력병원에 입원하였던 철결핍성빈혈 22예, 재생불량성빈혈 3예, 용혈성빈혈 2예, 기타 각종질환 58예, 대조군 11예, 총계 96예를 대상으로 58CoCl2는 이용하여 cobalt 배설율검사를 시행하는 한편, 적혈구형태, 적혈구지수, 혈청철, 총철결합능, 골수철검사와 비교관찰하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1) 철대사와 혈액학적으로 정상이라고 생각되는 대조군의 6시간 cobalt 배설율은 평균 2.8±1.77%(1.0∼6.8%)이었으며, 24시간 cobalt 배설율은 평균 6.1±4.31%(1.9∼15.2%)였다. 2) 철결핍성빈혈의 경우에는 6시간 cobalt 배설율이 평균 18.3±5.88%(10.2∼25.0%)이었으며, 24시간 cobalt 배설율은 평균 41.8±6.83%(29.0∼54.5%)로서 대조군과 비교하여 6배이상 증가돼 있었다. 3) 골수철함량이 정상인 증례에서는 빈혈이 유무에 관계없이 6시간 및 24시간 cobalt 배설율은 모두 대조군과 유의한 차이가 없었다. 4) 6시간 cobalt 배설율과 24시간 cobalt 배설율간에는 밀접한 상관관계를 볼 수 있었으나, 실제적인 면에 있어서는 24시간 cobalt 배설율검사가 더 정확한 것으로 생각되었다. 5) 골수철함량이 정상인 증례의 24시간 cobalt 배설율은 1.2∼26.6%의 동요범위를 보인 반면, 철결핍성빈혈예의 24시간 cobalt 배설율은 29.0∼54.5%의 동요범위를 보였으며 양군간에 중복을 볼 수 없었다. 그러므로 빈혈환자에서 24시간 cobalt 배설율이 27%이상이면 철결핍성빈혈을 의심할 수 있는 것으로 생각되었다. 6) Cobalt 배설율은 골수철함량이 감소함에 따라 대체로 증가하는 경향을 보였으나 상당한 중복을 볼 수 있었고, 특히 골수철함량이 1+인 경우는 철결핍이나 골수철함량이 정상인 경우와 중복되어 통계학적으로 유의한 차이를 볼 수 없었다. 7) 골수철검사로 확인된 철결핍성빈혈의 경우, cobalt 배설율은 전예에서 증가된 반면, 적혈구형태는 40%에서, 적혈구지수는 30∼60%에서, transferrin 포화율은 70%에서 이상소견을 보였다. 이상의 성적을 종합하면 cobalt 배설율검사는 철결핍성빈혈을 진단하는데 간단하고 민감하며 정확한 검사법으로 골수철검사의 실제적인 대체검사로 이용될 수 있는 것으로 생각된다.
Cobalt extraction techniques
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SUMMARY Cobalt, as cobalt sulphate and cobalt-EDTA, was applied to pastures at 15 sites in south-east Scotland. Herbage cobalt and extractable soil cobalt concentrations were monitored at these sites over the period 1978–81. Although the sites were located in a generally cobalt-deficient area, considerable variation between sites was observed both in the concentration of cobalt present in untreated pasture and in the response to cobalt additions. There was no significant correlation between herbage cobalt concentrations and soil cobalt status as determined by acetic acid extraction. Application of cobalt sulphate (6 kg/ha) increased herbage cobalt concentrations at all sites but at several sites the response was short-lived. In general, cobalt-EDTA was less effective than cobalt sulphate in increasing herbage cobalt concentrations. Extractable soil cobalt concentrations of the control areas showed some variability between samplings, but the variability was much greater for the cobalt-treated plots. Cobalt applied to pastures was found to accumulate in the top 0–4 cm layer of soil and penetrated deeper only in soils of low pH. Overall, only a third of the cobalt applied to pastures as cobalt sulphate was recovered by acetic acid extraction of the soil and less than 20% of the cobalt applied as cobalt-EDTA.
Cobalt extraction techniques
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Reactivity
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Perchlorate
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Cationic polymerization
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Reversible oxidation half-wave potentials E½r have been found to be additive according to the number of ligands x by analysing the potential map of [Ru(bipy)3–xLx]n+ complexes (bipy = 2,2′-bipyridine; L = polypyridine or β-diketone). The slope of plots of E½rvs. x depends on the kind of ligand L and affords a measure of the π-donor/π-acceptor ability of the bidentate ligands. Ligand parameters, PL, for various bidentate ligands, are proposed.
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B. F. Hoskins, R. Robson and D. Vince, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1973, 392b DOI: 10.1039/C3973000392B
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Abstract Within the mixed ligand [2+1] approach several model complexes of the general formula [ 99m Tc(OH 2 )(L∩L)(CO) 3 ] have been synthesized in one step starting from [TcO 4 ] − . Only one bidentate ligand co‐ordinates to the metal centre allowing the co‐ordination of a monodentate ligand which can easily be connected to a biomolecule. Our labeling experiments of peptides bound to a monodentate ligand show that the [2+1] approach is possibly too slow for a radiopharmaceutical application. A similar approach with the biomolecule bound to a bidentate chelator overcomes these disadvantages but retains advantages of the mixed ligand concept.
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This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Heptakis (Unidentate Ligand) Complexes (Bidentate Ligand) Pentakis(Unidentate Ligand) Complexes Bis(Bidentate Ligand)Tris(Unidentate Ligand) Complexes Tris(Bidentate Ligand)(Unidentate Ligand) Complexes Multidentate Ligand Complexes Seven-Atom Clusters
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