ChemInform Abstract: Sonogashira Reaction of Aryl Halides with Terminal Alkynes Catalyzed by Cobalt Hollow Nanospheres.
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Sonogashira coupling
Herein, an efficient and general protocol for the cyanomethylation of aryl halides and triflates is disclosed. A wide range of electron-donating or electron-accepting functional groups is tolerated on the aryl halide and the desired products are obtained in good yields.
Aryl halide
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We report here the rapid halide exchange in aryl halides facilitated by microwave and conventional heating using nickel(II) halides as reagents. The methodology can be used for conversion of aryl chlorides to bromides, aryl iodides to bromides and chlorides and aryl bromides to chlorides. Reactions are fast (5 minutes reaction time for microwave heating and 4 hours for conventional heating) and can be performed without the need for exclusion of air and water.
Microwave heating
Aryl halide
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Abstract The present new general palladium‐catalyzed procedure for the cross‐coupling of (hetero)aryl tosylates provides a facile access to various functionalized (hetero)aryl alkynes tolerating many functional groups.
Sonogashira coupling
Coupling reaction
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Terminal alkynes react with aryl bromides in water at ambient temperature in the presence of an amphiphilic nanomicelle-forming reagent PTS. The development of new processes using pure water as a solvent is quite important for the chemical industry, since they allow decreasing the amount of the produced wastes as well as the manufacturing costs of products.
Sonogashira coupling
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Aryl chlorides are suitable substrates for the Sonogashira coupling! By using the versatile catalyst system Na2[PdCl4]/PR3/CuI (PR3=(1-Ad)2PBn, PtBu3), the Sonogashira coupling [Eq. (a)] of aryl chlorides with alkynes generates excellent yields of the corresponding disubstituted aryl alkynes.
Sonogashira coupling
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Abstract A simple and convenient one‐pot synthesis of aryl alkyl ethers by the alkoxylation of aryl halides in the presence of Triton B as nonmetallic base is described.
Base (topology)
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An efficient and general protocol for the deacetonative Sonogashira coupling of aryl propargyl alcohols with aryl chlorides is described. The reaction proceeded smoothly with the catalyst system of palladacycle/Xphos. This result represents the first successful deacetonative Sonogashira version for electron-poor, electron-neutral, and even inactive sterically hindered electron-rich aryl chlorides.
Sonogashira coupling
Propargyl
Propargyl alcohol
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The Sonogashira reaction of aryl chlorides is a challenging process with only limited success that has so far been achieved. The present method describes a fast (in minutes) and convenient microwave-assisted coupling of aryl chlorides, including electron-rich substrates, such as terminal alkynes, which can be especially useful for the synthesis of compounds libraries. Alkenyl chlorides are also suitable substrates under the described reaction conditions.
Sonogashira coupling
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Abstract A palladium‐catalyzed direct C‐arylation reaction of readily available cage carboranyllithium reagents with aryl halides has been developed for the first time. This method is applicable to a wide range of aryl halide substrates including aryl iodides, aryl bromides, and heteroaromatic halides.
Aryl halide
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The first example of visible-light-driven reductive carboarylation of styrenes with CO2 and aryl halides in a regioselective manner has been achieved. A broad range of aryl iodides and bromides were compatible with this reaction. Moreover, pyridyl halides, alkyl halides, and even aryl chlorides were also viable with this method. These findings may stimulate the exploration of novel visible-light-driven Meerwein arylation-addition reactions with user-friendly aryl halides as the radical sources and the photocatalytic utilization of CO2.
Visible spectrum
Aryl halide
Aryl radical
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