Nutrition Before, During, and After Exercise for the Strength/Power Athlete
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Abstract:
Proper training, maintaining a positive energy balance, adhering to proper nutrient timing, and obtaining adequate rest and recovery form the foundation for optimal performance. Therefore, this chapter begins with a description of factors associated with optimal performance of the strength/power athlete. Section two focuses on preexercise nutrition and how it can prepare the athlete for action and enhance the training response whereas section three addresses the nutritional importance in delaying fatigue. The next section addresses the importance of postexercise nutrition and how it can aid in recovery and prepare the athlete for subsequent exercise sessions, and the final section provides training and nutritional recommendations that serve as the foundation for a successful strength/power athlete.Keywords:
Foundation (evidence)
Sports nutrition
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Strength Training
The nutrition knowledge of athletes and coaches is often inadequate. However, athletes need sufficient knowledge of this subject to understand the importance of food choices for their athletic performance, recovery, and overall health. Adequate nutrition knowledge and skills are important for coaches because they are often the most significant source of nutrition knowledge for their athletes. Most previous nutrition knowledge studies have been carried out in team sports and outside Scandinavia. The aim of this study, therefore, was to evaluate the nutrition knowledge of Finnish endurance athletes (156 males and 156 females; age = 17.9 ± 1.2 years) and their coaches (69 males and 25 females; age = 44.3 ± 12.3 years). The three main sports among the participants were cross-country skiing ( n = 53 coaches and n = 111 athletes), orienteering ( n = 13 and n = 110), and biathlon ( n = 6 and n = 38). On average, the coaches ( N = 94) answered 81% ± 9% of the 79 nutrition questionnaire items correctly, whereas the respective result was 73% ± 9% among the athletes ( N = 312). The coaches had significantly ( p < .001) better nutrition knowledge of all the five subcategories of the questionnaire, whereas the “dietary supplements” and “nutrition recommendations for endurance athletes” subcategories appeared particularly difficult for the athletes. The average nutrition knowledge score of athletes was relatively low. As nutrition knowledge may have a positive association with athletes’ food choices and subsequent dietary intake, Finnish endurance athletes and coaches would benefit from enhanced nutrition education.
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2369 PURPOSE: The purpose of this survey was to determine the nutritional knowledge, beliefs, and practices of collegiate athletes and to assess the need for a sports nutritionist at a Division I university in the Southeast. METHODS: A selfadministered anonymous nutrition survey was completed by 243 division I college athletes. Questions addressed sources of nutrition information, nutrition knowledge, and nutrition and weight management practices. Differences between genders and those who had received nutritional information were detected using chi-square tests and t-tests. RESULTS: Less than 40% of athletes surveyed reported receiving nutritional information before college. A potentially reputable source was chosen, by over 60% of both males and females, as the individual who had taught them the most about nutritionFinearly 99% of the athletes were found to have poor nutrition knowledge. Traditional nutrition plans were highly prevalent (over 68%). The majority of athletes reported consuming less than 3 servings of fruits or vegetables per day and 40% of female athletes reported consuming less than 2000 calories/day. Over 70% of female athletes reported they were currently trying to lose weight, while most male athletes were interested in weight gain or weight maintenance. Female athletes were more likely to report that a coach and/or trainer had suggested they lose weight. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the fact that most athletes report receiving nutritional information after starting college, athlete's current nutrition knowledge and practices are suboptimal. Additionally, athletes are engaging in troublesome and potentially harmful weight management practices (i.e. increased protein intake, skipping meals, supplement usage). Athletes recognize the role of good nutrition and are interested in learning more about proper sports nutrition. Coaches, athletic trainers, and team physicians, with proper training and resources, can work together with a sports nutritionist to ensure that collegiate athletes adopt more healthy and effective nutritional practices.
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The article presents an interview with Samuel Mettler, a sports nutritionist who helped to develop the Swiss Food Guide Pyramid for Athletes. He discusses his involvement with the Swiss Society for Nutrition, the benefits of using a simple model such as a pyramid for communicating nutritional guidelines, and the difficulties inherent in crafting general recommendations which could apply to athletes from widely different sports.
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Sports nutrition is the one that, in addition to satisfying the energy and nutri-tional needs of the athlete, will provide him or her with good health, the effectiveness of sports performances, but also good recovery after training or competition and prevent injuries. Sports nutrition should be well organized and planned, varied, and the emphasis is on meeting the greater energy and nutritional needs of athletes. These increased needs for energy and nutrient intake are not significantly higher and can be met with a proper and varied nutrition. Athletes should be enabled and encouraged to have a proper, varied and well-planned diet in order to withstand daily training. This means that they need nutritious and regular meals.
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[Objective] To prepare for nutrition intervention among excellent athletes in Sichuan Province. [Methods] A self -made and tested questionnaire survey was conducted among 130 subjects in sports technological college of Sichuan Province. [Results] ① The average knowledge score was 54.1; elementary nutrition knowledge score was higher than sports nutrition knowledge score (P﹤0.05); the knowledge score of female athletes was higher than male athletes (P﹤0.05); the knowledge score of old athletes was higher than young athletes (P﹤0.05). ② The average attitude score was 81.1. ③ The average practice score was 70.1. The practice score of badminton athletes was higher than other athletes (P﹤0.05). [Conclusion] The knowledge of subjects is deficient, their attitudes are good, but the practices are not good enough. To promote rational nutrition of athletes, what’s suggested is doing nutrition intervention according to different sexes and different sports.
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Based on the investigation of college athletes' diet structure,this paper discussed the following problems:the nutrition supply of the college athletes,the importance of nutrient elements in sports training,the relation between power sports events and nutrient elements,and the factors of influencing the students' requirement for nutrition,and so on.Some suggestions are proposed at last.
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Abstract Nutrition, which is an important factor that improves physical performance, has a major place in the lives of both disabled and nondisabled athletes. The main purpose of nutritional assessment of disabled athletes is to assess the individual's consumption to determine the insufficiencies and to suggest the necessary changes to design the most appropriate nutrition plan. Nutrition strategies play a key role in confirming the performance of disabled athletes. Considering the nature of the disability and the specific sports branch, it is important to determine the necessary nutrition solutions to ensure the best protection for the athletes concerned. The literature on the specific nutritional needs for the best sports performance of disabled athletes is insufficient and should be considered in light of current information on specific disability physiology.
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The purpose of this study was to determine the use of nutrition support products by male and female athletes who are involved in taekwondo and their level of knowledge in this respect. The sample group was formed with male and female (n=300) athletes who are actively involved in taekwondo. 300 of the collected questionnaires, which were determined to have been filled in correctly, were evaluated. Of the questionnaires evaluated, 108 belonged to female taekwondo athletes and 192 belonged to male taekwondo athletes. The arithmetic average, standard deviation and percent frequency (%) distributions of the obtained data were calculated. It was stated that 47.4% of male athletes and 41.7% of female athletes use the nutrition support products and the most preferred products by male athletes are protein powder (38%); amino acid (18.2%); vitamin (13.5%); mineral 8.9%; creatine (9.4%) and other nutrition support products (%12). It was found that female athletes also use the same products and these products are protein powder (30.6%); amino acid (15.7%); vitamin (18.5%); mineral 13%; creatine (8.3%) and other nutrition support products (13.9%). It was determined that the use of nutrition support products in male athletes was provided through doctor (20.8%), pharmacist (10.9%), friends (10.4%) and neighbors (3.6%), and in female athletes, through doctor (23.1%), pharmacist (16.7%), friends (6.5%) and neighbors (2.8%). Reasons for taekwondo athletes to use nutrition support products were to improve their athletic performance for 65.1% of males and 67.6% of females, and to cope with the fatigue for 17.2% of males and 17.6% of females. Our study results show that athletes who are involved in taekwondo use nutrition support products at a high level in order to increase their athletic performances. It is important for athletes using nutrition support products to use these products under the supervision of an expert for their health.
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Introduction: Sports nutrition is essential to improve exercise performance and maintain healthy body composition. However, the knowledge of balanced nutrition often being neglected by student-athletes and coaches. Aims: This study aimed to investigate sports nutrition knowledge across gender and level of participation. Materials and Methods: The participants were 178 university student-athletes (96 males and 82 females) actively competing in various individual and team sports. The student-athletes completed a sports nutrition knowledge survey to determine the adequate score (mean >75%). Results: The overall sports nutrition knowledge was inadequate (61.6% ± 13.1%), specifically only 29 student-athletes who obtained >75% or higher. Male student-athletes score slightly higher than females (62.4% vs 61.6% score), respectively. However, there is no significant difference between gender and level of participation ( P > 0.05). There was no significant difference between the level of participation ( P > 0.05). Conclusions: There was inadequate sports nutritional knowledge among student-athletes regardless of gender and level of participation. The intervention to enhance sports nutritional knowledge and a balanced diet is important for health and optimal athletic performance. Future studies are needed to examine athletes' behaviour and nutritional intake before training or competition.
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2369 PURPOSE: The purpose of this survey was to determine the nutritional knowledge, beliefs, and practices of collegiate athletes and to assess the need for a sports nutritionist at a Division I university in the Southeast. METHODS: A selfadministered anonymous nutrition survey was completed by 243 division I college athletes. Questions addressed sources of nutrition information, nutrition knowledge, and nutrition and weight management practices. Differences between genders and those who had received nutritional information were detected using chi-square tests and t-tests. RESULTS: Less than 40% of athletes surveyed reported receiving nutritional information before college. A potentially reputable source was chosen, by over 60% of both males and females, as the individual who had taught them the most about nutritionFinearly 99% of the athletes were found to have poor nutrition knowledge. Traditional nutrition plans were highly prevalent (over 68%). The majority of athletes reported consuming less than 3 servings of fruits or vegetables per day and 40% of female athletes reported consuming less than 2000 calories/day. Over 70% of female athletes reported they were currently trying to lose weight, while most male athletes were interested in weight gain or weight maintenance. Female athletes were more likely to report that a coach and/or trainer had suggested they lose weight. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the fact that most athletes report receiving nutritional information after starting college, athlete's current nutrition knowledge and practices are suboptimal. Additionally, athletes are engaging in troublesome and potentially harmful weight management practices (i.e. increased protein intake, skipping meals, supplement usage). Athletes recognize the role of good nutrition and are interested in learning more about proper sports nutrition. Coaches, athletic trainers, and team physicians, with proper training and resources, can work together with a sports nutritionist to ensure that collegiate athletes adopt more healthy and effective nutritional practices.
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