Computation of SAR for Two Antennas Used in Mobile Communication Systems: Monopole and Patch
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This paper is a comparative study of several antennas commonly used in cellular telephones. These include a monopole and a patch antenna. Each one of these structures is modeled and numerically tested using HFSS code. The testing procedure involves antenna simulation in the proximity of the human head. The behaviour of each antenna is evaluated for variable distances from the head geometry. Continuous waveform, representative of the sources used in mobile telephones, (250 mW) is used as the form of the antenna excitation. The SAR levels for the head tissues are calculated for and with accordance to the two currently accepted standards: Federal Communications Commission (FCC) and International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP). The computed SAR levels within each of the considered tissues vary for the two antennas under investigation.Keywords:
HFSS
Human head
This paper reports a theoretical approach to analyze radiation pattern and gain of Printed Monopole Antennas (PMA). Theoretical analysis of PMAs is performed by modeling PMA as an asymmetrical dipole antenna. The effect of patch and ground plane is considered separately then combined. The far field expressions for rectangular and circular PMAs are derived and verified with available experimental results from published work and High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) simulated results. The analytical, simulated and available measured results are in close agreement. The theoretical gain for rectangular and circular monopole antennas are also computed and compared with HFSS simulation results.
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The radiation pattern of a new umbrella monopole antenna was simulated numerically, and the radiating or receiving zero field in some spatial range of E plane pattern of the antenna was discussed. It can be concluded from the numerical results that the proposed umbrella monopole antenna is a small size short wave antenna, and has some characteristics to suppresses the sky radiant wave in wide brand frequency.
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In this study, it is aimed to evaluate SAR value occurred in human head in 1800 MHz. First, 3-D basic model of human head was designed by using HFSS (ANSOFT). So, some solutions were obtained from created model with putting source of 1800 MHz electric field in different orientations on 3-plane. This basic approach shows a close agreement with realistic ones.
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In this paper, the printed-sleeve monopole antenna which has the small size and the broadband characteristics, is presented and its radiation characteristics are investigated. To conform the broadband characteristics of the proposed antenna, the experimental antenna is designed, fabricated, and its radiation characteristics are measured in PCS band (1.75 GHz1.87 GHz). It is shown that the designed antenna has the non-directional pattern in the horizontal plane, the directional pattern in the vertical plane, VSWR less than 1.5, and gain in 2.14 dBi3.4 dBi. From these results, the proposed antenna is conformed as a broadband antenna which can be used for the mobile communication indoor antenna extensively.
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A novel orthogonal ultra-wideband antenna with a more stable radiation pattern at high frequencies is presented. Here it is showed that using an orthogonal planar monopole antenna the stability of the radiation pattern at high frequencies of the operational bandwidth is enhanced without affecting the radiation patterns at lower frequencies. Using the obtained results an orthogonal UWB planar monopole antenna was designed with an operational bandwidth of 19.4 GHz. The measured antenna bandwidth goes from 530 MHz to 20 GHz for a VSWR les 2. The radiation pattern remains is enhanced with respect to a conventional planar monopole antenna with similar characteristics. The radiator used on the single and an orthogonal UWB planar monopole antenna is rectangular with a bevel and height-width ratio techniques that optimized the impedance bandwidth.
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We have calculated the leakage and coupling impedance for a holed beam pipe liner for the SSC collider ring using the HP High‐Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS). By using this code we were able to study various hole and slot configurations. We compare simulation results with analytical calculations and measurements.
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Abstract In this paper, a comparative study of dipole and patch antennas commonly used in portable telephones is investigated. The two models antennas are considered working at 900, 1800 and 2450 MHz bands. Thus, we have included different distances between the mobile phone and the human head model. This study shows the effects of electromagnetic waves on the human head model. The objective is to evaluate the SAR in simulation anatomic based model of the human head for different antenna-head distances and in many frequencies. All numerical simulations results are performed using Ansoft HFSS software.
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