Optically controlled fiber voltage sensor
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Abstract:
We describe a fiber optic voltage sensor with optically controlled sensitivity. The sensor operates at two widely separated wavelengths (633 and 976 nm), one of which is a control signal (976 nm). We show that at a properly chosen wavelength of the control signal and of the phase-retarding element, variations of the power of the control signal allow increases or decreases in the sensitivity of the sensor. A theoretical analysis of sensitivity as a function of the optical power of a control signal is presented. We have demonstrated experimentally variation of the sensor's sensitivity from 0.01% to 0 per 1 V/sub rms/ of control power changes in the range of 0-7 μW.Keywords:
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Optical power
The applicability of an embedded fiber-optic acoustic sensor to detect internal cracks and flaws in polymeric materials has been experimentally demonstrated. The sensor is based on a remote polarimetric technique. It has been shown that proper control of the polarization and phase of the optical beam is required to obtain meaningful results. This sensor has shown promising results in determining acoustical properties of plexiglass and obtaining information regarding the location and the extent of the flaw from the amplitude of the fiber-optic sensor signal. The sensing fiber of this sensor is not modified and is mechanically intact. Therefore it is attractive for embedded fiber-optic sensing applications.
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The present review is restricted to fiber optic sensors for AC electric fields. Sensors for DC electric fields which use optical fibers are described in the paper by A. R. Johnston and H. Kirkham in these proceedings. Several fiber optic electric field sensor configurations have been recently studied. Most of these configurations have used a piezoactive plastic coating, or ribbon, bonded to the glass fiber. The incident electric field generates strains in the piezoactive plastic, which are transmitted to the glass fiber, and the resultant optical phase shift is detected by making the sensor one arm of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. In the sections which follow the properties of piezoactive plastics are first reviewed, followed by a review of the fiber optic electric field sensors which have been studied so far. Next, a particular configuration consisting of a concentric piezoactive jacket on the glass fiber, is discussed in detail and the frequency response of this sensor is projected over a wide range of frequencies. Finally, the conclusion section includes a discussion of the advantages of fiber optic electric field sensors.
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Fiber optic sensor technology is explained in terms of theory and applications. Various components common to all fiber optic sensors are compared. Two classes of sensing devices are emphasized: amplitude-modu-lated sensors and phase-modulated sensors. Specific examples of amplitude-modulated devices-one a pressure sensor using an optical reflection technique and another an accelerometer using a microbend technique-are described. Four types of fiber optic interferometers used in phase-modulated sensors are discussed. The effect of the optical fiber jacket on the sensitivity of phase-modulated sensors is considered. A miniature pressure sensor and a highly sensitive fiber optic accelerometer, both employing phase modula-tion, are described.
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The fiber-optic Intensity sensors are made of a light modulating sensor and an optical fiber which conveniently couples the sensor to remotely located optical sources and detectors. Although optical sensors have been In existence for a long time, the versatility achieved by conducting light using an optical fiber has significantly expanded the economy and applicability of optical sensors.
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Intensity
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