Design recovery for software testing of object-oriented programs
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A reverse engineering approach for software testing of object-oriented programs is described. The approach is based on a graphic model which consists of three types of diagrams: object relation diagrams; block branch diagrams; and object state diagrams. These diagrams may be used to provide guidance on the order to test the classes and member functions; prepare member function test cases; prepare test cases for object state dependent behaviors and interaction between such behaviors; and provide graphic display of coverage information to a tester.< Keywords:
Block diagram
Reverse engineering
The nature of pedagogic relation affects educational essence, educational regularity and other important problems. In pedagogy, the relation between teachers and students is regarded as the relation of subject and object by most educational theorists, but this relation brings disadvantages. In this article,it is proposed that pedagogic relation should be active comunication,and the active communication relation can be realized by the measures of adding the times of effective communication between teachers and students,perfecting feedback system of pedagogic communication and changing educational ideas.
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The narrator and the narrated object,they are two indispensable and essential factors in novels.There have complicated narrative relations between various factors and different relations between the narrator and the narrated object in a novel’s narrations.According to different representations,there are five chief relations between the narrator and the narrated object in novels,i.e.the simple narrated relation,the fictional relation,the replacement relation,the relation in the know,and the identity relation.Viewing the five relations from narrative level,we found the distance between the narrator and the narrated object has an important influence upon the novel’s artistic effects.
Object relations theory
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Reverse engineering is focused on the challenging task of understanding legacy program code without having suitable documentation. Using a transformational forward engineering perspective, we gain the insight that much of this difficulty is caused by design decisions made during system development. Such decisions "hide" the program functionality and performance requirements in the final system by applying repeated refinements through layers of abstraction and information-spreading optimizations, both of which change representations and force single program entities to serve multiple purposes. To be able to reverse engineer, we essentially have to reverse these design decisions. Following the transformational approach, we can use the transformations of a forward engineering methodology and apply them "backwards" to reverse engineer code to a more abstract specification. Since most existing code was not generated by transformational synthesis, this produces a plausible formal transformational design rather than the original authors' actual design. A by-product of the transformational reverse engineering process is a design database for the program that then can be maintained to minimize the need for further reverse engineering during the remaining lifetime of the system. A consequence of this perspective is the belief that plan recognition methods are not sufficient for reverse engineering. As an example, a small fragment of a real-time operating system is reverse-engineered using this approach.
Reverse engineering
Abstraction
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Items in the world – people, objects, events, states of affairs, etc. – may bear different relations to one another. Thus any two people may be related as father to son, as master to slave, as lawyer to client, as teacher to student, or in many other ways. Relations are often the object of philosophical analysis. Part of our concern is with the nature of a relation, the emotion: object relation. We want to know what this relation consists in. That is, we want to know what it is for two items in the world to be related as emotion to object. In particular, we want to know whether this relation can properly be said to be a causal one. Not all relations are causal ones. For example, spatial and temporal relations, and relations of similarity and difference, are not. Is it a necessary condition for two items to be related as emotion to object that a certain kind of causal relation exist between them? Or is it the case, as Kenny claims, that the emotion: object relation cannot be analysed in causal terms?
Object relations theory
Similarity (geometry)
Spatial relation
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Point cloud processing,picking-up of features,reverse evaluation of curved-surface quality and influence analysis on followed-up engineering are several key links in the reverse reconstruction of CAD model.Currently the typical commercial reverse CAD modeling system can be divided as two kinds of the special purposed reverse software and the positive software that provides modules for reverse processing;these two soft-wares have their own features in the reconstruction of models.Taking the typical representatives Image-ware and Pro/Scan-tools of these two kinds of software as the target and aiming at the key links of reverse reconstruction of CAD model,this paper carried out rather detailed comparison and commentary on the features of these two soft-wares and carried out summary on these bases.
Reverse engineering
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This paper discusses Zhuangzi's thought on the relation between subject and object, including the equal relation between subject and object, the object restricts subject, and on on. There are many penetrating judgments in his thought. How to deal with the relation between subject and object today. Zhuangzi gives us much edification.
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Surface Reconstruction is one of the key technologies in Reverse Engineering.With a sample,the paper introduces how to import clouds of points,filter and tessellate them,then create scans,create curves,lastly reconstruct the surfaces model by using CATIA V5 Reverse Engineering module.The paper provides the reader a basic method to reconstruct the surfaces model in Reverse Engineering.
Reverse engineering
Surface reconstruction
Coordinate-measuring machine
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Reverse engineering is also called converse engineering or inverse design and includes entity reverse,software reverse,and image reverse. The reverse engineering measuring methods mainly include traditional touch method,non-touch method and serial layer scanning method. The basic and key technology of reverse engineering is effectively and precisely realizing the entity surface data gathering.
Reverse engineering
Converse
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Physics, sociology of art, anthropology and economics converge on what we can call, following Kuhn, a “paradigm shift”: it is the relation that makes the object, not the object that makes the relation. For Norbert Elias, the “relation” is not reducible to the “interactions” dear to a certain current of American sociology, but involves a more radical “interdependence” in which we are faced, not with pre-existing objects linked by relations, but with objects constituted by and through relations. The same goes for Marcel Mauss’s account of the gift, where the object is only the pretext for maintaining a relation through the act of giving, receiving, and giving back.
Pretext
Object relations theory
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Reverse engineering is an important part of CAD/CAM technology.Reverse engineering technology plays an important role in the highly competitive global market, the use of this technology can shorten the time from design to manufacture, which can improve the product in the international market competitiveness.This paper introduces the concept, characteristics and working process of reverse engineering, the related concepts of application of reverse engineering, reverse engineering to develop safety helmet.Through the reverse design safety helmet, expounds the point cloud data in Imageware data processing, curved surface reconstruction and modeling process.Introduced by a large number of data points for curve, surface reverse design method, and construct a model of the original point cloud contrast, error analysis and error of the reasonable results are obtained.At the same time describes the surface smoothing method of detection.
Reverse engineering
Smoothing
Surface reconstruction
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