Fabrication of Y-junction carbon nanotubes by reduction of carbon dioxide with sodium borohydride
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Sodium borohydride
Carbon fibers
Frit compression
Supercritical Carbon Dioxide
Frit compression
Carbon fibers
Selected area diffraction
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Carbon fibers
Carbide-derived carbon
Frit compression
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Supercritical Carbon Dioxide
Particle (ecology)
Specific surface area
Selected area diffraction
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In this article, the different methods were used to modify carbon nanotubes. The effects were evaluated comparing with the theoretical specific surface area of carbon nanotubes by the method of BET. The result showed that the specific surface area and the volume of the pores of carbon nanotubes were highly increased when carbon nanotubes were modified by high temperature with the air or circumfluence with the mixture of nitric acid and sulfuric acid. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) was used here and the images showed that the length of carbon nanotubes become short and the tips of carbon nanotubes were destroyed after modifications.
Nitric acid
Carbon fibers
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Carbide-derived carbon
Specific surface area
BET theory
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Abstract In the current work, we show that it is possible to favor the selective growth of single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) with a narrow diameter distribution on supported catalyst particles with a broad size distribution. Carbon nanotubes were grown at 600 °C on silicon substrates. The structure of carbon deposits was controlled by managing the carbon feedstock for adjusting the rate of carbon nanostructures formation on the surface of catalyst particles. Either carbon nanofibers (CNFs) carpets or isolated SWCNTs were obtained. With the fine tune of carbon feedstock, small isolated SWCNTs with a narrow diameter distribution were obtained by limiting the catalytic activity of the largest catalyst particles. HRTEM observations of nanotube embryos have suggested a possible mechanism of multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) formation that can explain why the growth of MWCNTs with parallel walls seems to be more difficult than SWCNTs or CNFs at low temperature.
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Polypyrrole
Amorphous carbon
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Carbon fibers
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Abstract A brief introduction to carbon nanotubes with basic structural classification, synthesis, properties, and surface modification is presented. The growth process of carbon nanotubes and the role of metals catalyst in the arc‐discharge, the laser‐vaporization, and the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) techniques are discussed. The synthesis of aligned carbon nanotubes in a preferred orientation from various substrates and the formation of branched carbon nanotubes are unique features of the CVD technique. The method of purification of carbon nanotubes is chosen on the basis of the amount of catalyst impurities and amorphous carbon present in them that are dependent on the techniques used to produce carbon nanotubes. Oxidative purification methods and the introduction of carboxylic acid on the surface of carbon nanotubes have been described. Optical, electrical, and mechanical properties of carbon nantubes have been highlighted. An overview of the surface modification of carbon nanotubes with covalent and noncovalent chemistry to enhance the dispersion and dissolution properties of carbon nantotubes and the problem associated with size, length, and the functional groups distribution affecting the solution properties of carbon nanotubes have been discussed.
Frit compression
Carbon nanobud
Carbon fibers
Amorphous carbon
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Synthesis of carbon nanotubes from V-type pyrolysis flame is a kind of new method. It has potential for carbon nanotubes preparation in mass production. Carbon monoxide was as carbon source and the acetylene/air premixed gas provides heat by combustion. Hydrogen/helium premixed gas acted as diluted and protection gas. Pentacarbonyl iron was served as catalyst. Carbon nanotubes with less impurity and high yield were captured successfully in the V-type pyrolysis flame. The diameter of carbon nanotubes was approximate between 10nm and 20nm, and its length was dozens of microns. The size of catalyst nanoparticles approximately was from 5 nm to 8nm in diameter. This study aims to examine the formation process of typical carbon nanotubes from pyrolysis flame and to characterize their morphology and structure. The morphology and structural of carbon nanotubes were characterized by scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscopy respectively. Temperature was the key parameter in the process of synthesis carbon nanotubes. The concentration of catalyst had important influence on the synthesis of carbon nanotubes. Sampling time directly determined whether carbon nanotubes formation was completely. The carbon “dissolved-proliferation-separate out” theory can be used to explain that pentacarbonyl iron catalyses carbon monoxide in the process of carbon nanotube formation.
Frit compression
Carbide-derived carbon
Iron pentacarbonyl
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Acetylene
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Large-scale generation of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MCNTs) is efficiently achieved through a supercritical fluid technique employing carbon dioxide as the carbon source. Nanotubes with diameters ranging from 10 to 20 nm and lengths of several tens of micrometers are synthesized (see figure). The supercritical-fluid-grown nanotubes also exhibit field-emission characteristics similar to MCNTs grown by chemical-vapor deposition.
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Supercritical Carbon Dioxide
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