Effet des souches arctiques de Rhizobium sur la structure des nodules du sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia) et de légumineuses arctiques (Astragalus et Oxytropis spp.)
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Abstract:
Rhizobium strain N 31 , isolated from the arctic legume Astragalus alpinus, nodulates sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia) as efficiently as strain SM-2, isolated from sainfoin. Nodule shape and tissue arrangement of 70-day-old plants infected by these two strains were examined. Sainfoin nodules formed by either strain N 31 or SM-2 were cylindrical, with indeterminate growth, and similar to those found on arctic legumes. However, in the active symbiotic zone of sainfoin nodules, bacteroids of strain N 31 were pleiomorphic or spherical and found individually or in groups of three, surrounded by the membrane envelope, whereas the bacteroids of strain SM-2 were elongated and enclosed in clusters of 3 to 12 by each membrane envelope. Thus, arctic strain N 31 affects the internal structure of sainfoin nodules. Nodules of arctic legumes A. alpinus, Oxytropis maydelliana, and Oxytropis arctobia, infected with either strain N 31 or SM-2, contained lipid droplets, while sainfoin nodules did not show such characteristics. This phenomenon seems specific to arctic legumes and it is not influenced by the origin of the nodulating strain.Keywords:
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Abstract A new name Astragalus podlechii is proposed to replace the illegitimate later homonym Astragalus insularis Maassoumi & Podlech. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
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Astragalus zarreianus. is described and illustrated from Iran. It belongs to section Astragalus. This new species confined to western part of Iran (Prov. Illam) from only one location. A key to the species of the section known from Iran is prepared. Differences between the section and the closely related sections are discussed. On the basis of some important trends, an informal grouping is undertaken for yellow flower Astragali. Moreover, A. pseudo‐orthocarpus is considered as a valid species in this treatment and differences with its closest relatives are described.
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Astragalus ghouchanensis Souzani, Zarre & Maassoumi (Fabaceae) is described and illustrated as a new species from Iran. It is compared with some similar species in Astragalus sect. Dissitiflori. Some notes are given on the affinities of sect. Dissitiflori and sect. Erioceras.
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Three new species, Astragalus torbathaydariyehensis Ranjbar & Zarin, A. salehabadensis Ranjbar & Zarin and A. ilachchiensis Ranjbar & Ghahremani (Fabaceae) are described from Iran and illustrated. They belong to A. sect. Astragalus, which contains species with basifixed white and black hairs and yellow flowers.
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Possible Involvement of Phage-Like Structures in Antagonism of Cowpea Rhizobia by Rhizobium trifolii
A reduction in the viability of cowpea rhizobia was observed when Rhizobium trifolii IARI and cowpea Rhizobium strain 3824 were inoculated together in soil. The reduction in number of cowpea rhizobia in soil was found to be associated with the reduction in number of nodules per plant and retardation in plant growth. An antimicrobial substance was isolated from R. trifolii which, on electron microscopic investigation, demonstrated the presence of several phage-like structures.
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Astragalus pseudopinetorum Taeb, Özüdoğru & Erik sp. nova (Fabaceae), endemic to the Hakkâri province of E Turkey, is described and illustrated. It belongs to A. sect. Caprini and is morphologically related to A. kamelinii. A characteristic feature is the whole plant being glabrous, with just a few scattered white hairs on the rachis and pedicels.
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Astragalus khosrowabadensis Ranjbar & Karamian sp. nova and A. margonensis Ranjbar, Rahiminejad & Raufi sp. nova (Fabaceae) are described from the Zagros mountain in western Iran. They belong to Astragalus sect. Caprini, which contains species that are often stemless and with white, basifixed hairs and yellow flowers. The former resembles A. fabaceus and the latter is compared with A. managettae and A. pseudopellitus.
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Astragalus argentophyllus Taeb & Uzunh. (Fabaceae) is described and illustrated as a new species from south Anatolia, Turkey, it is placed in Astragalus sect. Malacothrix, and is similar to A. pseudotauricola, but differs by several characters in the leaves, flowers and legumes.
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ديدج هنوگ ) Fabaceae ( Astragalus andabadensis زا شخب Incani ناريا ،ناجنز ناتسا زا ،داژن ينامرهق خرف رايشناد هورگ تسيز يسانش هاگشناد تيبرت ملعم . ،يرقاب يلع يوجشناد يسانشراك دشرا هورگ تسيز يسانش هاگشناد تيبرت ملعم . هنوگ Astragalus andabadensis (Fabaceae), يم هداد حرش ديدج هنوگ ناونع هب ناجنز ناتسا يراصحنا دوش . اراد هطساو هب هنوگ نيا لوئتكارب ود اب يياه لگ و دازآ كراوشوگ ،بسچ نايم ياه كرك ندوب نويسكس رد sect. Incani DC. يم رارق گ ري د . طابترا هنوگ نيا هنوگ اب يكيدزن A. latifolius Lam. دراد . تسا هدش هيارا زين هنوگ ريوصت .
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