Deactivation and Coke Accumulation during CO2/CH4Reforming over Pt Catalysts
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Keywords:
Chemisorption
Carbon fibers
Methanation
Methanation
Carbon fibers
Catalyst poisoning
Substitute natural gas
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The development process of methanation reaction is introduced.The reaction mechanisms are analyzed.The progress in the catalyst supports,active components and additives for methanation reaction of CO are focused.The development trends of catalysts and the opportunities and challenges of the methanation are proposed as well.
Methanation
Substitute natural gas
Reaction conditions
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There are three competitive reactions in the removal of CO in reformate by methanation,including CO methanation,CO2 methanation and reverse water-gas shift(RWGS).Influence of several parameters such as reaction temperature,CO concentration and CO2 concentration on these reactions is studied.Results showed that both the CO and CO2 methanation rate increased with increasing temperature,while the selectivity for CO methanation decreased.With higher CO concentration,the CO methanation appeared remarkably faster at higher temperature,and the CO2 methanation was notably depressed at lower temperature.The selectivity for CO methanation increased with increasing CO concentration.On the other hand,the concentration of CO2 appeared no effect on the CO methanation,while both the CO2 methanation rate and the RWGS reaction rate increased when increasing the CO2 concentration,especially at higher temperature.The macro-kinetics of these three competitive reactions was also studied.
Methanation
Catalytic reforming
Reaction rate
Water-gas shift reaction
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Carbon fibers
Particle (ecology)
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Recent advances in methanantion catalysts and catalytic mechanism together with the wide applications of methanation in industry were reviewed,focusing on the effects of catalyst supports,promoters,active components as well as preparation methods on the performance of methanation catalysts.In addition,the catalytic deactivation and mechanism of methanation reaction for carbon oxides are critically analysed based on the reported work.It is pointed out that the temperature rising derived from exothermic methanation reactions in the catalyst bed and carbon deposition on the catalyst surface are the key factors for catalyst deactivation,which can be avoided considering both catalyst and process.Finally,outlook for the future development of methanation catalyst and further investigation of mechanism is provided in light of the current research status,regarding composite support with the high surface area,catalyst modified with the rare earth elements,sulfur-and heat-resistant catalysts,as well as fluidized bed reactor.
Methanation
Exothermic reaction
Substitute natural gas
Carbon fibers
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An in-depth understanding of the influence mechanism of the nonprecious metal Fe promoter on CO2 methanation is of great significance to the optimal design of high-efficiency CO2 methanation catalysts. In this research, CeO2 and Al2O3-supported Ni-based catalysts were prepared and evaluated for the CO2 methanation reaction. Interestingly, it was found that the addition of Fe into the CeO2-supported Ni catalyst lowered the CO2 methanation performance, while it greatly enhanced the performance of the Al2O3-supported Ni catalyst. A variety of factors over Fe-modified catalysts were explored, in which surface basicity along with oxygen vacancies could contribute to the adjustment of the CO2 methanation performance.
Methanation
Substitute natural gas
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Oxidizing agent
Oxidation state
Reducing atmosphere
Catalytic combustion
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Introduce the present situation of synthetic gas and mechanism of the CO hydrogenation methanation and the performance of Ni-based catalysts for methanation.Compare the advantage and disadvantage of different methanation reactors.Analyze the effect mechanism of two different carriers which are silica gel and alumina,and further analyze the influence of carrier and the preparation methods on catalyst properties.
Methanation
Substitute natural gas
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Methane can be produced via CO and CO2 methanation. However, the CO2 methanation is more relevant in the context of Power-to-Gas (PtG) applications. The two methanation reactions are accompanied by further reactions such as the reverse water gas shift reaction and the Boudouard reaction. Looking at the overall stoichiometry the CO2 methanation can be seen as the combination of the CO methanation with the reverse water-gas shift. The Boudouard reaction producing unwanted carbon deposits on methanation catalysts is a big challenge especially for the CO methanation but of minor importance for the CO2 methanation and therefore PtG applications.
Methanation
Power-to-Gas
Water-gas shift reaction
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