Effects of intranasal phototherapy on nasal microbial flora in patients with allergic rhinitis.
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The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of intranasal phototherapy on nasal microbial flora in patients with allergic rhinitis. This prospective, self-comparised, single blind study was performed on patients with a history of at least two years of moderate-to-severe perennial allergic rhinitis that was not controlled by anti-allergic drugs. Thirty-one perennial allergic rhinitis patients were enrolled in this study. Before starting the test population on their intranasal phototherapy, the same trained person took a nasal culture from each subject by applying a sterile cotton swab along each side of the nostril and middle meatus. Each intranasal cavity was irradiated three times a week for two weeks with increasing doses of irradiated. At the end of the intranasal phototherapy, nasal cultures were again obtained from the each nostril. The study found that after intranasal phototherapy, the scores for total nasal symptoms decreased significantly but bacterial proliferation was not significantly different before and after phototherapy. We have shown that intranasal phototherapy does not change the aerobic nasal microbial flora in patients with perennial allergic rhinitis.Keywords:
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Acoustic rhinometry is a well-known method for evaluating nasal cavity patency using sound waves. The method produces graphical information on cross-sectional areas, the distances between these areas and the nostril and the nasal volume. We used this method to evaluate 40 children aged between 7 and 13 years old with complaints of nasal obstruction. All patients underwent endoscopic examination of the nasal cavity, and only children presenting with hypertrophic inferior nasal turbinates and with no history or clinical evidence of infectious rhinitis were included in the study. Using a modified method we obtained four distinct and constant cross-sectional areas along the nasal cavity and four corresponding distances from these areas to the nostril.
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Summary Most lesions that affect the nasal cavity of the horse can be accessed via the nostril or via a frontonasal sinus flap but occasionally, surgical access to the mid‐portion of the nasal cavity is necessary. This case report describes the use of a centrally based, 3‐sided rhinotomy which provided good access to the ipsilateral nasal cavity and allowed for removal of abnormal tissue/foreign material in two horses. The nasal bone flap was preserved and only relatively mild intraoperative haemorrhage occurred which was controlled with nasal packing. Horses recovered well from surgery with an excellent long‐term cosmetic result.
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Sinus (botany)
Nasal passages
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Abstract The authors aimed to evaluate the validity and characteristics of acoustic rhinometric tests by comparing the results with those of computed tomography (CT) of the nasal cavity. Cross‐sectional areas along the nasal cavity were measured by acoustic rhinometry (AR) and CT of the nasal cavity in 30 normal subjects. Cross‐sectional areas measured by each technique showed a statistically significant correlation. The two measurements showed a better linear correlation in the anterior part of the nasal cavity up to 24 mm from the nostril than in the posterior part of the nasal cavity beyond that point. Mean cross‐sectional areas measured by AR were constantly less than those measured by CT of the nasal cavity up to 33 mm from the nostril, whereas areas measured by AR were greater than those measured by CT scans beyond that point.
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This study was performed to evaluate the relationship between nasal nitric oxide (NO) and changes in nasal cavity volume resulting from the topical application of xylometazoline and saline and between upright and supine posture. Nasal NO was measured using a fixed high flow technique that avoids contamination with lower airways NO. In nine healthy subjects nasal NO concentration was measured by a rapid response chemiluminescent analyzer. A tapered tube was inserted in one nostril, into which room air was insufflated to produce a constant flow of 100 mL/second; another tube was inserted into the opposite nostril for NO sampling (air exit side). Subjects were instructed to keep the vellum closed while NO was sampled through a sideport connected to the analyzer. Nasal cavity volume was measured by acoustic rhinometry from a segment of the acoustic pathway, 2 to 5 cm from the nostril. Nasal cavity volume and NO measurements were made at baseline, 15 minutes, and 60 minutes after intervention (administration of saline 0.9%, xylometazoline or posture changes on 3 consecutive days). Xylometazoline produced a significant increase in nasal cavity volume, together with a significant reduction in NO level at 15 and 60 minutes after intervention. In addition, the change from seated to supine position decreased the total nasal volume significantly, but without changes in nasal NO. No correlation was found between the magnitudes of changes in nasal NO and the changes in nasal volume. Topical application of xylomethazoline resulted in increased nasal cavity volume and reduced NO output. In contrast to previous published reports, a technique using high flow rate insufflation demonstrated an abscence of correlation between the magnitudes of changes in nasal NO and nasal cavity volume brought about by decongestant, saline, or posture.
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The goal of this study was to establish a numeric threshold to separate functional from substantially obstructed noses using comparisons of thermal imaging and subjective scores.An inexpensive smartphone application and hardware attachment that uses infrared thermal imaging was tested to differentiate between substantial nasal blockage from an adequately functioning nose.Sequential adult participants who presented to a public hospital otolaryngology clinic between June and August 2018 were asked to complete the Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) tool.A thermal video imaging device was used to record the difference in temperature (ΔT) between inspired (I) and expired (E) air at each nostril. The nostril ΔT between I and E air of patients with severe obstruction by the subjective measure (NOSE score) was compared with that of patients with minimal symptoms.A total of 26 participants were enrolled in the study. During normal respiration, Total ΔT for the nonobstructed group had a mean of 9.0, whereas the Total ΔT for the obstructed group had a mean of 7.69, a 17% difference that was statistically significant at P = .045. For the worst-performing nostril tested, ΔT for the nonobstructed group had a mean/median of 4°C, while the obstructed group had a mean of 3.23°C (median 3; 23.8% difference, P = .023).Measures of thermal imaging, particularly at the threshold between the median scores of the worst-performing nostril, may be a useful clinical test to differentiate between a substantially obstructed nose from an adequately functioning nose, although more data are required.
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The reconstruction of the nose is one of the most complicated aesthetic-reconstructive procedures. The difficulty of the procedure lies is in the necessity for reconstruction not only to capture the very complicated, various shapes of the nose but also to preserve the function of the nose: to allow the patient to breathe through the nose.12-year-old girl had loss injury of the part of left wing of the nostril. We used the compound nasolabial flap with a small excess to resolve the mucosal and skin defect. One year after the first operation relief of natural transition of the new wing of the nostril and cheek was created with small island flap.The reconstruction of a wing of the nostril in multistage procedures with combined nasolabial flap and island flap allowed us to perform precise modelation of the nostril wing with the natural transition to the cheek. An island flap with its scars creates the required contour of a nostril wing and prevents the collapse and flattening of the nostril wing externally.
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Objective:To explore the long-term effect of rhinoplasty of nasal cavity improving nasal obstruction in patients with structural variation. Method:One hundred and six patients with structural rhinitis included this study whose assessment of nasal obstruction were achieved by visual analogue scale(VAS), and were divided into two groups: group1(n=56,VAS score >5), group 2(n=48,VAS score <5).They were measured by rhinomanometry and acoustic rhinometry recording the minimum cross-sectional area of nasal cavity(MCA), the distances from the nostrils(MD) and the nasal volume of 5 cm,2-5 cm,5-7 cm from the nostril(V5,V2-5,V5-7),then we calculated the ratio of the parameters of the two sides of the nasal cavity respectively, recorded nasal resistance and calculated Rlr. All patients were performed endoscopic rhinoplasty of nasal cavity and re-evaluated one-year later. Two groups were compared with statistical test.Result: The symptoms of twogroup patients improved satisfactorily after surgery. VAS scores and ratio of pre-operation of two groups had statistical differences except MD,V5-7,and group1 had more structural abnormalities compared with group 2.VAS scores and ratio of pre- and post-operation of group1 had statistically difference. Conclusion:Severity of nasal obstruction is related to structural variation of nasal cavity and the nasal plasty has certain clinical application value as its good long-term curative effects,the purpose of surgery is to restore symmetry of nasal cavity.
Acoustic Rhinometry
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Rhinomanometry
Deviated nasal septum
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