The influence of wind on branch characteristics of Pinus radiata
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Pinus radiata
Radiata
SUMMARY Productivity losses in stands of radiata pine (P. radiata, D.Don) caused by defect associated with infection by the fungal pathogen Diplodia pinea (Deem.) Kickx have been examined. In spite of the high incidence of defect, the effect on the volume and value of the standing crop was minor, except in very heavily affected young stands, where serious problems in the utilization of defective wood are expected. Inoculation experiments carried out in the field and in a controlled greenhouse environment showed that D. pinea could attack the cortex of healthy trees and produce stem kinks, cankers and dead-top that were identical with defects observed in affected stands. A study in a 15-year-old stand, in which about one-fifth of the trees were dead- topped, showed that the growth of the dead-topped trees was reduced by about 40 per cent. A survey in 10-year-old and 17-year-old stands indicated that the incidence of dead top was closely related to topography. Fast growing stands on gully and river flat sites were seriously affected, while stands on higher slopes were relatively unaffected. First thinning had little effect in reducing the level of defect. The influence of moisture stress on the susceptibility of P. radiata to D. pinea infection is briefly discussed.
Pinus radiata
Radiata
Thinning
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Comments on botanical name changes during his time in the scientific terms for radiata, Douglas fir, miro and matai. Advocates following an American example and assigning standard common names distinct from the botanic names.
Pinus radiata
Radiata
Douglas fir
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Radiata
Pinus radiata
Pulpwood
Silviculture
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This study developed new algorithms to simulate the grain pattern and orientation of radiata pine boards based on the geometrical and growth features of radiata pine trees. Scenario simulation is presented in the article. The established methodology offers insights for sawmills to establish feasible log breakdown strategies and maximize radiata pine timber value.
Radiata
Pinus radiata
Value (mathematics)
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Pinus radiata
Radiata
Ophiostoma
Colonisation
Persistence (discontinuity)
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라디에타 소나무(Pinus radiata D.Don)를 압체온도 $180^{\circ}C$ , 압체시간 60분 조건으로 열압밀화 목재를 제작하여 압축세트량에 따른 종압축강도, 휨강도, 경도, 못뽑기저항을 조사하였다. 압축세트량 60%인 열압밀화 목재의 비중은 1.01로 나타났으며, 대조군의 비중 0.48에 비해 현저히 증가한 값을 나타내었다. 압축세트량의 증가와 함께 모든 역학적 특성도 향상되었다. 그리고 라디에타 소나무의 최대 압축세트량은 약 65%로 확인되었으며, 이는 비중 0.48인 라디에타 소나무의 공극율 68%와 거의 일치하는 결과이다. The mechanical properties of heat-compressed Radiata pine (Pinus radiata D.Don) by compression set were investigated. Heat-compression condition was temperature at $180^{\circ}C$ and press time for 60 minutes. The mechanical properties of heat-compressed wood increased with increasing compression set. Increase of the specific gravity has led to increase in mechanical properties. The maximum compression set of Radiata pine was investigated approximately 65%. It was almost same result with porosity 68% of Radiata pine in specific gravity 0.48.
Pinus radiata
Radiata
Specific gravity
Compression set
Pine wood
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Radiata
Pinus radiata
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Pinus radiata 被介绍给四川省的夏天降雨环境，在是的 1990 年代的中国为在骆驼毛的织物府的干旱、半干旱的河山谷区域的土壤和水保存的一个造林节目的部分。在这个区域以内一个全部的区域 26 000 哈通过是匹配的气候被识别了合适并且一进一步 63 000 哈对环境计划潜在地合适 P 叮当响。radiata。种植园沿着干燥的河山谷在陡峭、降级的斜坡上在广泛地分开的小补丁正在被建立。最新介绍的 P。radiata 暴露于二种森林健康风险：他们可以被(a) 攻击他们不能由无意中介绍的外国害虫对拥有任何抵抗或(b) 的土生土长的病原体或病原体。这篇论文论述损坏害虫和对面对 P 的森林健康风险的一个初步的评价的潜力的调查。在一个长得多的时间框架上的 radiata 种植园比介绍和早种植园建立的起始的阶段。一条实验途径被采用由文学评论，在包围针叶林的害虫和疾病爆发的历史的记录的考试，现场甸和检查的联合评估森林健康风险，标本收集和鉴定，和大多数重要地，由特定的害虫和病原体和如此的攻击的随后的影响的攻击的可能性的专家分析。评价识别了一些特定的森林健康风险到 P 的长期的成功。在这个区域的 radiata 介绍。这些风险仔细与二本国的松种的土生土长的害虫和病原体被联系， P。tabulaeformis 和 P。自从这些，害虫和病原体多半被认为更多在 P 上建立的 armondii。radiata 随着时间的过去。异国情调的害虫和病原体目前具有一颗检疫担心。基于评价的结果，建议被提供改进森林活力并且减少风险由土生土长以及异国情调的害虫和病原体提出了到介绍 P 的森林健康。radiata。增加能力一旦特别害虫群袭和疾病发生，管理森林健康风险的方法也被推荐。尽管对介绍 P 的幸存和生长有害。radiata，识别森林健康风险的影响没被认为对 P 的长期
Radiata
Pinus radiata
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Pinus radiata
Radiata
Tracheid
Pine wood
Solid wood
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Pinus radiata
Radiata
Allelopathy
Mycology
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