Real-time PCR assay for detection and relative quantification of Liocarcinus depurator larvae from plankton samples
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Carcinus maenas
The aim of this research is to determine the abundance of plankton. This abundance has a tendency to explain the level of fertility in the sea waters of Enggros Village. The study was undertaken in April 2018. The method of this study is using random sampling in four stations and these samples were analyzed in the Laboratory of Management of Coastal Resources, Ottow Geisler University, Jayapura. The data from samples were analyzed by using excel software to describe the result from each station. The result showed that 7 genera of plankton consisting of 5 genera phytoplankton, namely Thalassionema, Pleurosigma, Skeletonema, Ceratium and 3 genera zooplankton they are Calanus sp, Clausocalanus sp, Acatia sp. The abundance of Thalassionema (177 sel/L) has significant at station I, while the abundance of Ceratium (22 sel/L) has lowest values at station III. The total abundance of the plankton has fluctuated in each station. It was found that the total abundance of plankton was linear with the availability of nutrients and vice versa in the waters of Enggros villages.Keywords: Plankton abundance; Random sampling; Enggros Villages
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Aims: Plankton abundance and diversity are governed by certain aquatic environmental factors which collectively determine the health of the aquatic ecosystem. This study was aimed at investigating the water quality of lower Ogun River, Abeokuta, in relation to plankton abundance and diversity. Materials and Methods: The dataset consists of physicochemical and plankton data collected for 7 months within the period of December 2011 and June 2012 in four stations. Spatial correlations were determined between physicochemical parameters, plankton abundance, and diversity. Physicochemical parameters that exhibited strong correlation with plankton abundance and diversity were used in the calculation of a water quality index (WQI) for the protection of aquatic life. Results: Results showed highly significant correlations (P ≤ 0.05) between plankton abundance, diversity, and the physicochemical parameters monitored during the study period excluding alkalinity and phosphates. The Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment WQI showed that the river water quality in all the sampled stations (A, 63; B, 63; C, 56; and D, 64) was marginal in classification. Conclusion: It was concluded that River Ogun is polluted beyond doubt. Hence, corrective measures should be put in place so as to prevent total ecological collapse.
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Abstract The European green crab Carcinus maenas has established considerable breeding populations in harbours and sheltered bays in the South-Western Cape, South Africa, but appears unable to flourish on the wave-exposed coastline. This study compares the abilities of C. maenas and those of an indigenous rocky-shore crab, Plagusia chabrus, to resist hydrodynamic forces. C. maenas had less than half the vertical tenacity of P. chabrus (371.5g and 780.5g respectively) and was unable to grip against as fast a unidirectional flow (0.23m s−1 vs 0.53m s−1) as P. chabrus. C. maenas also has significantly shorter and lighter limbs than P. chabrus and the dactyls of its walking legs are poorly adapted to grip onto rocky substrata. We conclude that C. maenas is poorly adapted to survive in wave-swept conditions and hence unlikely to displace indigenous crab species along the open wave-exposed coastline of South Africa. However, it may invade other sheltered locations, particularly Saldanha Bay and False Bay. Keywords: CARCINUS MAENASINVASIVE SPECIESTENACITYWAVE EXPOSURE
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Plankton diversity and abundance of Arkavathi river was assessed before and after pollution. Plankton diversity and abundance varied during different seasons, both at non-polluted and polluted sites. A total of 71 species of phytoplanktons and 27 species of zooplanktons were recorded. Myxophycean species were found to be dominant at both the stations. Euglenophyceae have shown less no. of phytoplanktons abundance in both the sites. The studies have revealed that polluted water shows relatively grater abundance of Myxophyceae and zooplanktons as compared to the non-polluted water. Nutrient enrichment of the river due to silk industries effluents has altered the structure of plankton community. [on SciFinder(R)]
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Abstract The uptake and accumulation of zinc by the shore crab Carcinus maenas have been studied in different dissolved Zn concentrations. Carcinus mamas accumulated about 2, 10 and 200% of its initial load of Zn on exposure to 23, 100 and 3162 µg l−1 radioactively labelled Zn respectively for 21 days. No significant Zn excretion was observed in crabs exposed to 100 µg Zn l−1 suggesting that C. maenas normally maintains a relatively unchanged body Zn content by maintaining a low Zn uptake rate, rather than a high Zn turnover rate. Zn excretion did occur when crabs were exposed to the environmentally high concentration of 3162 µg Zn l−1. The exoskeleton was found to be an important storage site for Zn absorbed from solution. Key words: Zincaccumulation strategyregulationcrabCarcinus
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Scythropochroa radialis Lengersdorf, 1926 is recorded from Japan (Honshu and Kyushu) as the first representative of this genus from East Asia. The female of this species is redescribed based on the Japanese specimens and compared with a closely similar species, S. gressitti Steffan, 1969 from Micronesia. The egg and xylophagous larva of S. radialis are described for the first time. The biology and larval morphology of Scythropochroa are briefly discussed.
Sciaridae
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Ichthyoplankton
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Notoedres pahangi spec. nov. from Rattus tiomanicus jalorensis, N. dohanyi spec. nov. fromTadarida mops, N. ismaili spec. nov. from Tadarida plicata, Ν. dewitti spec. nov. from Tadarida plicata and hitherto unknown stages of N. pseudomuris Lavoipierre, 1968 (male and larva), N. jamesoni Lavoipierre, 1964 (larva), N. musculi (Kraemer, 1865) (larva), N. alexfaini Lavoipierre, 1968 (male and larva), N. rajamanickami Lavoipierre, 1968 (larva), N. cheiromeles Fain, 1959 (larva) and N. tristis Fain & Marshall, 1977 (larva) are figured and described. A key to the East Asian species of Notoedres is given.
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The transport of plankters by water currents is acknowledged to have an important influence on observations of organism abundance and population processes, but assessment of this effect has been difficult to achieve. This paper presents simulations using the theory of A.Okubo and co-workers. The transport of multiple current drogues over time in a physically realistic advective and diffusive current field was simulated. The impact of transport processes on the plankton abundance associated with each current drogue was then evaluated, and the results are presented graphically. Although plankton numbers were held constant in the simulation, the inferred, but incorrect, population rate parameters that would be obtained using successive observations of plankton abundance in the simulated flow field are also presented.
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The eggs of Limnophora exsurda are described. The larva is in the 3rd stage when it emerges from the egg. The absence of larval trimorphism has been described in a number of dipterous larvae and appears to be correlated with a carnivorous mode of life in the larval stage. Notes on the nomenclature of L. exsurda by Mr J. E. Collin are given.
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