Purification and Identification of Glutathione S-transferase in Rice Root under Cadmium Stress
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Glutathione S-transferase
Detoxification
Glutathione S ‐transferase (GST) isozymes were investigated in one‐leaf‐stage rice ( Oryza sativa L. cv. Nipponbare) and early watergrass ( Echinochloa oryzicola Vasing) shoots after being induced by treatment with a combination of pretilachlor [2‐chloro‐2′,6′‐diethyl‐N‐(2‐propoxyethyl)acetanilide] and fenclorim (4,6‐dichloro‐2‐phenylpyrimidine) using DEAE‐Sephacel anion exchange chromatography. Non‐treated plants contained GST isozymes that had activity to the following substrates: three isozymes for l‐chloro‐2,4‐dinitrobenzene (CDNB), six isozymes for pretilachlor and three isozymes for fenclorim in rice shoots; and four isozymes for CDNB, three or four isozymes for pretilachlor and two or three isozymes for fenclorim in early watergrass shoots. Glutathione S ‐transferase isozyme activities of non‐treated plants were higher in rice than in early watergrass, especially in the case of GST activity with fenclorim as a substrate. Pretreatment of rice roots with a combination of pretilachlor and fenclorim increased the activity of the constitutively expressed isozymes that exhibited activity with CDNB, pretilachlor and fenclorim. This pretreatment also caused the appearance of one new GST(fenclorim) isozyme. Pretreatment of early watergrass roots with a combination of pretilachlor and fenclorim produced almost no increase in activity of some constitutively expressed isozymes that exhibited activity to CDNB and fenclorim, although it partly increased the peaks to corresponding to pretilachlor. The induction of GST was higher in rice than that in early watergrass. These results indicated that the isozyme pattern and substrate specificity of GST isozymes in rice were different from those in early watergrass. Furthermore, the selectivity of pretilachlor between rice and early watergrass may be related to different constitutively expressed GST(pretilachlor) isozyme activities and the induction of GST(pretilachlor) isozyme activities in the combination treatment.
Glutathione S-transferase
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In this study, 20 subjects who had home detoxification with supervision and support from the Western Australian Alcohol and Drug Authority Community Nursing Service were matched with 20 subjects who had inpatient detoxification in the Authority's detoxification facility. Subjects were interviewed between nine and 22 months (mean 15.5 months) after detoxification to compare client outcomes and the costs of home and inpatient detoxification. The results indicate that, for suitable clients, home detoxification was at least as beneficial as inpatient detoxification and that it was achieved at a much lower cost than inpatient care.
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Based on the present status of chromium containing slag′s detoxification,the detoxification mechanisms,specifications and the feasibility of the methods,including chemical detoxification,detoxification by microwave radiating and biological detoxification,are introduced and compared.Finally the prospect of the technology on detoxification of the chromium containing slag is also proposed.
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Slag (welding)
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Rat lens contains two classes of glutathione S-transferase (GST) isozymes; one is class mu, Yb1-Yb1, and the other is class pi, Yp-Yp, judged from their molecular weights, immunological properties and N-terminal amino acid sequences. The expression pattern of GST isozymes in the rat lens is different from that in pig and bovine lenses which have only class pi and class mu isozymes, respectively.
Glutathione S-transferase
Glutathione transferase
Transferase
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The given review deals with an important detoxifying enzyme Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) that found in insect body parts and play a key role in detoxification of varied range of insecticides. The general structure of GST protein is explained with its functional domains. GSTs nomenclature and mechanism of action opted by insect in detoxification of different insecticidal groups are also highlighted. Role of GSTs in detoxification of natural compounds produced by plants is also given and the compounds that have found to inhibit GST activity are also discussed. The effectiveness of RNA interference (RNAi) as a tool in silencing of different GSTs is also summarized.
Detoxification
Glutathione S-transferase
Glutathione transferase
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Abstract One intermediate treatment goal, and a preliminary phase of those treatments that are aimed at abstinence involves withdrawal from drugs or ‘detoxification’.1
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Glutathione S-transferase
Cloning (programming)
Sepharose
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Detoxification
Methadone maintenance
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Detoxification
Opiate
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Glutathione S-transferase
Phospholipid-hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase
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