MSP Dynamics Drives Nematode Sperm Locomotion
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Ascaris suum
Depolymerization
Objective :To study the effects of Huangjingzanyu optimized formula on sperm motility in rat with asthenospermia. Methods :Rats with asthenospermia were induced by Multiglycosides of Tripterygium Wilfordii(GTW).Sperm motility velocity and motility mode were measured with computer-aidd sperm analysis(CASA). Results :Sperm concentration,motility,viability and motility velocity(VCL、VSL、VAP)were significantly increased in middle dosage of optimized formula.The effects of middle dosage group were similar to those of Huangjingzanyu group and better than those of large dosage,small dosage and wuziyangzong pill group.Sperm motility mode(LIN、STR、WOB、ALH、BCF、MAD)were not changed significantly in 3 different dosage of optimized formula. Conclusions :Huangjingzanyu optimized formula can increase sperm concentration,motility,viability and motility velocity.
Tripterygium wilfordii
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Ascaris suum antibacterial factor )
Ascaris suum
Antibacterial peptide
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By fractionation using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and/or a preparative hybrid selection method employing solid-phase DNA probes, we prepared and characterized mitochondrial tRNAs from the body wall muscle of Ascaris suum, all of which are thought to lack either the T stem or the D stem from their gene sequences (Okimoto, R., and Wolstenholme, D. R. (1990) EMBO J. 10, 3405-3411). Some of the partially purified tRNAs were appreciably aminoacylated with an extract of A. suum mitochondria. The three species sequenced had CCA sequence at their 3'-ends, and tRNA(Met) had 5-formylcytidine at the anticodon first position, a new modified nucleoside found at the same position of bovine mitochondrial tRNA(Met) (Moriya, J., Yokogawa, T., Wakita, K., Ueda, T., Nishikawa, K., Crain, P. F., Hashizume, T., Pomerantz, S. C., McCloskey, J. A., Kawai, G., Hayashi, N., Yokoyama, S., and Watanabe, K. (1994) Biochemistry 33, 2234-2239). Enzymatic probing of these tRNAs supported the secondary structural model proposed by Okimoto and Wolstenholme in the reference cited above. Chemical probing of tRNA(Phe) demonstrated the existence of tertiary interactions between the (T arm-variable loop)-replacement loop and the D arm. The results suggest that these tertiary interactions enable the bizarre tRNAs of nematode mitochondria to maintain an L-shape-like structure in order to function in the nematode mitochondrial translation system.
Ascaris suum
Ascaris
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Most of the successful anti-nematode drugs currently available affect the nematode locomotory system. Their success is due to their interactions with molecules associated with the main neuro-transmitters of the motor nervous system, acetylcholine and GABA. These drugs tend to have a relatively broad spectrum of action, affecting a wide variety of nematodes, presumably because nematode motor nervous systems are conservative in their use of these transmitters.
Ascaris suum
Ascaris
Broad spectrum
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Ascaris suum
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Fish spermatozoa are general immotile in the testis and sperm plasma, motility is induced after the discharge of sperm into the aqueous environment.The motility are influence by osmolality,ion,CO 2 and pH value. The environmental factors which activate cAMP ATP Mg 2+ system will affect spermatozoa motility. Motility of spermatozoa were measured by the duration of their movement, the percentage of motile sperm, their velocity and flagella beat frequency. The changes of sperm motility in the genital tract of fishes are also been discussed..
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