Age at menarche in Jordanian girls.
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Abstract:
he most important event in the whole process of female puberty is the onset of cyclic menses (menarche). The age of the menarche varies in different part of the world and is known to be influenced by genetic, socio-economic status, and environmental conditions, body status and level of education,1 age at menarche was first calculated in mid 19th century in Denmark,2 since then, many authors have used different methods to calculate age at menarche in different parts of the world. Since age of menarche is an important factor in health planning, we reported here the distribution of age at menarche among Jordanian students and compare it to Jordanian women who was born 40 years ago, to look for secular trend on any difference between menarche age now and 20 years ago. Female university students and their female relatives were haphazardly invited from first of June until 30th December 2001 to participate in this study. The student population of the 3 major universities; University of Jordan, Jordan University of Science and Technology and Yarmouk University, Jordan roughly represent the population in Jordan with the exception of the age. The system for university admissions provides allocation for each district according to its population density, and all socio-economic stratum are represented. Those who participated in the study, filled in a self-administered questionnaire that includes date of birth and date of the first menstrual period. We chose only girls who were between 18 and 24 years of age, (born between 1977 1983). For comparison, we also chose women above 40 years of age born before 1960, to find out if there is any T difference at age of menarche between both group. In this study, 1823 girls aged between 18 24 (born between 1977 1983) responded to the questionnaire. The mean age of menarche for these girls was 13.79 ± 1.23 years. Minimum age of menarche was 9 years old and maximum age was 17 years old, only 0.1% having their menarche at age of 9 years and 1.2% having at age of 17 years, approximately 60% of this group having their menarche at the age of 13 and 14 years (Table 1). Seven hundred eighty-nine women with the age of 40 years and above, has the mean menarche age of 13.64 ± 1.32 years and a menarche age of 10-17 years. Only 0.9% having their menarche age at 10 years and 2% at age of 17 years, and approximately 60% at age of 13 and 14 years (Table 1). These results was not statistically significant and indicating that there are no change in menarche age in Jordanian girls now and 20 years ago. The calculated age at menarche in this study is comparable to the age at menarche reported on countries of similar culture and geographical location.3-5 However, it is higher than the age at menarche reported from European and North American societies. The age at menarche for the 2 groups is not different, indicating that there is a trend toward a decrease in the age at menarche in the last few decades. The sampling procedure allow some bias to occur. The invited haphazard participation allows bias due to non-responders. In the second group, a bias due to recall could occur due to a longer period. The aim of this study was to determine the average age at menarche in Jordan, which is an important issue in school health planning among females. The presence of a decreasing trend with time is an important observation that require periodic revision of health plan. However, this was not demonstrated in this study.Keywords:
Menarche
Menstruation
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Abstract Objectives: To estimate the secular trend in age at menarche, comparing indigenous and nonindigenous women, and its relationship with socio‐demographic, family and nutritional factors. Methods: A study (historical cohorts) of 688 indigenous and nonindigenous women, divided into four birth cohorts (1960–69, 1970–79, 1980–89, and 1990–96) in an area in central southern Chile was carried out. Data and measurements were collected by health professionals using a previously validated questionnaire. Age at menarche was self‐reported (recall). Adjusted differences among cohorts were estimated using a multivariate regression model. Results: A secular trend ( P < 0.001) in age at menarche was found in both ethnic groups, with no significant differences between them ( P > 0.05). In an adjusted model, a reduction in age at menarche was estimated at 3.7 months per decade between 1960 and 1990. This trend was moderated by higher socio‐economic level, smaller number of siblings, and cohabitation with a single parent during infancy. Conclusions: The trend has occurred in a steady progression over time in indigenous women, whereas in nonindigenous women, it was slow initially but has accelerated in recent years. Nonindigenous women have maintained a slightly lower age of menarche than their indigenous counterparts. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 22:688‐694, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
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DeğerlendirilmesiÖZET Amaç: Pediatrik Üroloji polikliniğinde takip edilen hastalar için en değerli tetkikler olan idrar analizi ve kültürünün yorumlanması çok önemlidir.Çalışmamızda, ürolojik sorunları olan hastalarda kullanılan antibiyotiklere direncin
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Hintergrund: Als häufigste angeborene Fehlbildung des Gastrointestinaltrakts ist das Meckel-Divertikel (MD) ein wichtiges Krankheitsbild in der Praxis des Viszeralchirurgen. Ziel dieser Arbeit war es, die Sicherheit der Resektion von MD in Bezug auf postoperative Komplikationen zu analysieren. Aufgrund der relativen Seltenheit des MD wird zudem ein Überblick über die Literatur gegeben. Patienten und Methoden: Alle Patienten, bei denen zwischen 1996 und 2010 an der Chirurgischen Klinik I der Charité – Campus Benjamin Franklin ein MD beschrieben wurde, wurden erfasst. Es erfolgte ein Vergleich zwischen symptomatischen und inzidentellen MD in Hinsicht auf Inzidenz, Operationsindikation, intraoperativen Befund, Histologie und früh-postoperatives Outcome. Ergebnisse: Bei 71 von 29 682 Patienten (0,2 %) wurde intraoperativ ein MD festgestellt. Symptomatische MD zeigten sich bei 26 Patienten (37 %). Bei 6 der 7 Patienten mit gastrointestinaler Blutung (GIB) fand sich ursächlich ein symptomatisches MD (p = 0,005). Alle symptomatischen und 30 (67 %) der asymptomatischen MD wurden reseziert. Ektope Magenschleimhaut lag bei Patienten mit symptomatischem MD signifikant häufiger vor (p = 0,001). Patienten mit asymptomatischem MD und Resektion hatten tendenziell seltener postoperative Komplikationen als Patienten mit symptomatischen MD (p = 0,057). Schlussfolgerung: Ektopes Gewebe kommt bei symptomatischen MD signifikant häufiger vor, insbesondere bei blutenden MD. Bei einer GIB unklarer Ursache sollte ein MD in Betracht gezogen werden. Die Resektion inzidentell aufgefundener MD kann empfohlen werden, solange keine Kontraindikationen wie Peritonitis, Lebenszeit beschränkende Tumorerkrankung, Aszites oder Immunsuppression bestehen.
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Background: Several aspects of living conditions and behaviour may influence the age at menarche.Aim. The present study investigated the relation of variables concerning the reproductive period and the socio-economic conditions on the recalled age at menarche of rural Portuguese women, born in the first half of the 20th century.Subjects and method: Recalled menarche age of a sample of 771 adult women over 44 years old, from a rural municipality (Oleiros) in central Portugal was analysed.Results: The mean menarcheal age was 14.34±1.98 years. Menarcheal age increased significantly with the chronological age and age at marriage, and was negatively correlated with the duration of the period between menarche and marriage and with the biological reproductive span. The mean menarcheal age was lower (13.59±1.95 years) in women with an order of birth ≥7 than in those of birth order ≤3 (14.41±2.16 years). The mean menarcheal age was lower in women with a surname (14.26±1.91) than in those without it (14.81±2.28). Child labour began at the age of 11.87±32.72 years. Women subject to early child labour had delayed menarches (14.53±2.18) when compared with women who had not worked before 17 years old (14.03±1.91). The menarcheal age varied with the birth decade, decreasing from 14.64±2.61 (1910s) to 13.98±1.46 (1950s).Conclusion: The variation of age at menarche was related to changes in family behaviour towards children, reduction of age at child labour and increasing access to schools. The secular decrease in menarcheal age from 1910 to 1980 was related to living condition factors such as illiteracy, female life expectancy and infant mortality rates.
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Girls adopted internationally from some states have been found to have high rates of early puberty, including early menarche. Explanations for the link between international adoption and early puberty include post-adoption catch-up growth triggering puberty, and under-recorded age.We compared menarcheal age in a cohort of 814 girls adopted from China into North America against menarcheal ages in girls in China. Adoptive parents provided survey data on their daughters' weight in 2005 and on menarcheal status and age at menarche in 2011.Estimated median age at menarche for adopted Chinese girls is 12.37 years (95% CI: 11.84-13.00 years). Estimated prevalence of menarcheal age ≤10.00 years for adopted girls is 3%. These findings are similar to published findings on non-adopted Chinese girls. The distribution of menarche of adopted girls and non-adopted girls at the estimated incidence rates P3-P97 are also similar. Among the 609 girls whose parents reported on their weight shortly after adoption, 148 (24.3%) were -2SD or more below the median weight in the WHO weight-for-age tables. The proportion of these girls who had attained menarche was not statistically different from other girls.For girls adopted from China, the age of menarche, the percentage of girls attaining menarche <10 years and the distribution of menarcheal age are all similar to Chinese girls growing up in China.
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To the Editor.—
It is my fear that the conclusion of Frisch and colleagues (1981;246:1559), based on data that are derived from a small and seemingly unusual sample, may cause undue concern and worry by children, parents, and coaches. Indeed, the conclusion that training before menarche will delay menarche has been widely disseminated. There are thousands of premenarcheal girls engaged in sports training, and this questionable conclusion can have a negative impact on sports for girls. The conclusion is based on a small sample, 12 swimmers and six runners, who began training before menarche. Correlation analysis indicated a relationship between training before menarche and the age at menarche. It indicates only a relationship between the two variables, but does not indicate a cause-effect relationship. It could well have been that the young women took up training because of their delayed maturation rather than the training causing late maturation. If oneMenarche
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Romatoid artritte kalp tutulumu yuksek siklikta gorulmekte olup yapilan bircok calismada bu hastalarda kardiyovaskuler mortalitenin artmis oldugu ve olumlerin %35-50'sinden kardiyovaskuler hastaliklarin sorumlu oldugu gosterilmistir. Romatoid artrit hastalari normal populasyon ile karsilastirildiginda %0,9 ile %3 oraninda artmis bir mortaliteye sahiptirler. Romatoid artritte bu mortalite artisinin baslica nedeni kardiyovaskuler hastaliklardir. Biz bu derlemede Romatoid artrit’in kardiyovaskuler hastaliklardan ozellikle koroner arter hastaligi ve kalp yetersizligi ile olan iliskisini ozetlemeyi amacladik
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Zusammenfassung Intraartikuläre Osteoidosteome (IAOO) sind mit 10 % aller Osteoidosteome selten. Die atypischen klinischen und radiologischen Befunde führen meist zu einem langen Intervall zwischen Beschwerdebeginn und Diagnosestellung sowie Einleitung einer adäquaten Therapie. Dieser Fallbericht handelt von einer 32-jährigen Patientin, die seit Jahren intermittierende Kniegelenksschmerzen bei tiefer Beugung und selten nachts angibt. Bei IAOO in der Trochlea femoris war eine Radiofrequenzablation (RFA) aufgrund der direkt subchondralen Lage kontraindiziert. Daher erfolgte eine operative Sanierung mittels Knorpel-Knochen-Transplantation.
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