Two-dimensional TiS2 nanosheets for in vivo photoacoustic imaging and photothermal cancer therapy
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Abstract:
Two-dimensional TiS2 nanosheets synthesized Keywords:
Cancer Therapy
Cancer Imaging
Background: Phthalocyanine (PC) and naphthalocyanine (NC) dyes have long garnered interest as theranostic agents for optical imaging and phototherapy due to their near-infrared absorbance, photostability, imaging contrast, and proven safety in clinical trials.Yet, only a small fraction of these dyes has been evaluated as photothermal therapy (PTT) agents for cancer treatment.Methods: Nearly 40 distinct NC and PC dyes were encapsulated within polymeric PEG-PCL micelles via oil-in-water emulsions.The optimal NC/PC-loaded micelle formulations for PTT and photoacoustic (PA) imaging were identified through in vivo and in vitro studies.Results: The most promising candidate, CuNC(Octa)-loaded micelles, demonstrated a strong PA signal with a peak absorbance at ~870 nm, high photothermal efficiency, and photostability.The CuNC(Octa)-loaded micelles exhibited heat generation as good or better than gold nanorods/nanoshells and >10-fold higher photoacoustic signals.Micelle preparation was reproducible/scalable, and the CuNC(Octa)-loaded micelles are highly stable under physiological conditions.The CuNC(Octa)-loaded micelles localize within tumors via enhanced permeability and retention and are readily detectable by PA imaging.In a syngeneic murine tumor model of triple-negative breast cancer, CuNC(Octa)-loaded micelles demonstrate efficient heat generation with PTT, leading to the complete eradication of tumors.Conclusions: CuNC(Octa)-loaded micelles represent a promising theranostic agent for PA imaging and PTT.The ability to utilize conventional ultrasound in combination with PA imaging enables the simultaneous acquisition of information about tumor morphology and micelle accumulation.PTT with CuNC(Octa)-loaded micelles can lead to the complete eradication of highly invasive tumors.
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The development of multifunctional organic nanomaterials is extremely essential for their in vivo cancer theranostic applications. In this study, we report a new BDT-IID based conjugated polymer dots (Pdots) platform that can serve as multifunctional nanoprobes for photoacoustic (PA) imaging-guided photothermal therapy (PTT). The novel BDT-IID Pdots are readily fabricated though nanoreprecipitation and can absorb strongly in the near-infrared region (NIR, 650-700 nm). Furthermore, BDT-IID Pdots possess the stable nanostructure and extremely low biotoxicity. In particular, its photothermal conversion efficiency can be up to 45%. More importantly, our in vivo results exhibit that the BDT-IID Pdots are able to offer concurrently enhanced PA imaging signals and sufficient photothermal effect. Consequently, the BDT-IID Pdots can be exploited as a unique theranostic nanoplatform for PA imaging-guided PTT of tumors, holding great promise for their clinical translational development.
Nanomaterials
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A series of PTT agents based on ‘D–π–A’-type chromophores with different electron-donating groups were constructed to optimize their photothermal performance at 808 nm after nanogel loading.
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Photothermal effect
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An alpha-cyclodextrin (α-CD)-based gold/DNA nanomachine was developed as a novel theranostic agent for tumor-selective diagnosis and therapy.
Cancer Therapy
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A Photothermal Therapy Guidance System with Photoacoustic Thermometry and Diffuse Optical Tomography
We present deep tissue (> 2 cm), widefield (5 cm x 5cm) real-time (10 Hz) photoacoustic thermometry in ex-vivo tissue phantoms as well as first in-patient diffuse optical monitoring of photothermal therapy for prostate cancer.
Photoacoustic tomography
Diffuse optical imaging
Photoacoustic effect
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A thermosensitive nanoplatform CDTSL achieves NIR light controlled drug release and can be applied for photoacoustic imaging and chemo-photothermal therapy.
Photothermal effect
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Two-dimensional Bi2O2Se quantum dots (QDs) are synthesized by a facile top-down approach in article number 1905208 by Yue Chen, Zhenyou Jiang, Jundong Shao, an co-workers. Boasting large photothermal conversion efficiency and excellent photoacoustic performance as well as suitable biodegradability, the Bi2O2Se QDs facilitate photoacoustic imaging of whole tumors in photothermal cancer therapy. The semiconducting QDs are promising as a near-infrared-triggered theranostic agent in cancer therapy.
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A novel multifunctional nano-probe is developed on page 4114 by Y. Hou, L. Zhao, F. Sheng, and co-workers based on Fe5C2 nanoparticles with carbon layer. The probe exhibits high magnetization and near infrared absorption, which can be applied in magnetic resonance imaging, photoacoustic tomography, and photothermal therapy. It shows a high affinity to tumors, and can ablate them when exposed to light, highlighting their potential as a targeted probe for cancer theranostics.
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How to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of human cytokine induced killers cell (CIK) has become a great challenge.Herein, we report for the first time that human CIK cells loaded with gold nanoprisms were successfully used for targeted photoacoustic imaging, enhanced immunotherapy and photothermal therapy of gastric cancer in vivo.Gold nanoprisms were synthesized and modified with PEG; human CIK cells were prepared and incubated with PEGylated gold nanoprisms (Au GNPrs), and then the effects of human CIK cells labeled with Au NPrs on gastric cancer MGC 803 cells were evaluated and further used for targeted photoacoustic imaging, immunotherapy and photothermal therapy of gastric cancer in vivo in mice models.Results showed that PEGylated Au NPrs could be uptaken high-efficiently by human CIK cells, resultant human CIK cells labeled with AuNPrs could inhibit the growth of gastric cancer MGC 803 cells actively by induced apoptosis and G1 phase arrest, and actively target and accumulate the tumor sites in gastric cancer-bearing nude mice.Enhanced synergistic therapeutic efficacy was demonstrated with the maximal inhibition of tumor through a combination of CIK cells-based immunotherapy for three days and then a continuous gold nanoprisms-based photothermal therapy.In conclusion, human CIK cells labeled with PEGylated Au NPrs can target gastric cancer cells in vivo, enhance immunotherapy and photothermal therapy efficacy, and have a great potential in applications such as targeted imaging, immunotherapy and photothermal therapy of gastric cancer in the near future.
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Physically-synthesized gold nanoparticles having a narrow size distribution and containing multiple nanopores have been utilized as photothermal converters and imaging contrast agents. Nanopores within the gold nanoparticles make it possible to increase the light-absorption cross-section and consequently exhibit distinct improvements in photothermal conversion and photoacoustic imaging efficiencies.
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