Wild Bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila) of the Michigan Highbush Blueberry Agroecosystem
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Abstract Highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) is a native North American crop dependent upon pollen movement by bees for high fruit set and large berries. Commercial blueberry farms use honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) to provide pollination services, but there is concern regarding their long-term sustainability as crop pollinators. We conducted a 3-yr study at 15 farms to identify the bee community associated with the blueberry agroecosystem in Michigan to improve our understanding of this community and to better target conservation practices. Pan trapping and direct observation were used to determine the relative abundance and diversity of wild bees before, during, and after bloom. We found at least 166 species, representing 30 genera and five families, 112 of which were active during bloom. Most bees captured were solitary, soil-nesting bees. Most species were from subfamily Halictinae (family Halictidae) and genus Andrena (family Andrenidae). Andrena Carolina Viereck, a specialist on Ericaceae, was the most abundant native bee species collected during blueberry bloom. Several native Osmia species that were present in low abundance during bloom are potential targets for management. Honey bees were more often captured in white than in yellow traps, regardless of trap position in the field. Wild bees were more often captured in field perimeters than interiors, but they did not respond differentially to trap color. We report seven new state records for Michigan, including significant range extensions, and three new floral record associations. Implications for the conservation of native bees in this agricultural system are discussed.Keywords:
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Journal Article New North American Bees of the Genus Dufourea (Apoidea—Halictidae) Part III Get access George E. Bohart George E. Bohart Formerly of the University of California, Berkeley, California. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Annals of the Entomological Society of America, Volume 42, Issue 1, 1 March 1949, Pages 55–62, https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/42.1.55 Published: 01 March 1949
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A survey of the species composition, distribution, and host plants of bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) was conducted in the Snake River area, the Colton area, and the Moscow Mountain area of southeastern Washington. Nineteen genera and 100 species occurred in the three areas. The number of species found in each family were: 1 Colletidae; 11 Halictidae; 31 Megachilidae; 27 Adrenidae; 15 Anthophoridae and 15 Apidae. Location and flowers visited are listed for each species. Key words: bees; Hymenoptera; Apoidea; bee fauna; Washington State
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Abstract Pollination syndromes are defined as suites of floral traits evolved in response to selection imposed by a particular group of pollinators ( e.g., butterflies, hummingbirds, bats). Although numerous studies demonstrated their occurrence in plants pollinated by radically different pollinators, it is less known whether it is possible to identify them within species pollinated by one functional pollinator group. In such a framework, we expect floral traits to evolve also in response to pollinator subgroups ( e.g., species, genera) within that unique functional group. On this, specialised pollination systems represent appropriate case studies to test such expectations. Calceolaria is a highly diversified plant genus pollinated by oil‐collecting bees in genera C entris and C halepogenus . Variation in floral traits in C alceolaria has recently been suggested to reflect adaptations to pollinator types. However, to date no study has explicitly tested that observation. In this paper, we quantitatively test that hypothesis by evaluating the presence of pollination syndromes within the specialised pollination system formed by several C alceolaria and their insect pollinators. To do so, we use multivariate approaches and explore the structural matching between the morphology of 10 C alceolaria taxa and that of their principal pollinators. Our results identify morphological matching between floral traits related to access to the reward and insect traits involved in oil collection, confirming the presence of pollinator syndromes in C alceolaria . From a general perspective, our findings indicate that the pollination syndrome concept can be also extended to the intra‐pollinator group level.
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The number of known species of North American Dufourea has increased rapidly in recent years. In 1937 C. D. Michener1 raised the number of valid described species from 20 to 26. P. H. Timberlake in 19392 and 19413 added 14 species. T. D. A. Cockerell4 in 1941 added one from Lower California. The following seven new species plus eight more which will be described in the next paper of this series, will bring the total number of species to 56.
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The authors report newly recorded species of bees (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) on the Volcan Etna (Sicily). A total of ten species belonging to three families are recorded: Halictidae (8 species), Megachilidae (1 species), and Apidae (1 species). Pseudapis valga (Gerstaecker), Lasioglossum convexiusculum (Schenck) (Halictidae), Hoplitis laevifrons (Morawitz) (Megachilidae) and Tarsalia ancyliformis Popov (Apidae), are reported for the first time for Sicily and the presence of other bee species is confirmed for the Island. Furthermore, this is the first record of the genus Tarsalia Morawitz for the fauna of Sicily. For each species data are given in relation to the altitudinal level, the plants visited, and the ecological quality of the sites where the specimens were found.
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