Toxicity of untreated and ozone-treated oil sands process-affected water (OSPW) to early life stages of the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas)
Yuhe HeSarah PattersonNan WangMarkus HeckerJonathan W. MartinMohamed Gamal El‐DinJohn P. GiesySteve Wiseman
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Pimephales promelas
Abstract Fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) were evaluated for use as a test species in ecosystem-level studies investigating pesticide effects on fish reproduction. Twenty adult fathead minnows (8 females: 12 males) were stocked in four, 17-m3 outdoor microcosms and collected 98 d later. Each fish was identified with a coded wire tag (CWT). In a preliminary indoor experiment, survival was 100% and tag retention was 93%, 33 d after tagging. At the end of the field study, 100% of surviving stocked adults had tags in three of the four replicates. In these microcosms, stocked adults could be differentiated from young-of-the-year (YOY) because there was no size overlap of YOY with the larger stocked adults, whereas in the fourth replicate the YOY grew to maturity. Fathead minnow reproduction was compared to a study conducted the preceding season utilizing the same experimental systems and incorporating the same 8F:12M sex ratio at stocking. Reproduction was consistent for identical sex ratios in the different seasons despite differences in water conditions. In both years, fathead minnow fecundity was similar, and fish size distributions had equivalent attributes. Furthermore, the relationship between fish number and biomass was comparable, and regressions of weight on length were equal.
Pimephales promelas
Microcosm
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A second record for the occurrence of the Fathead Minnow (Pimephales promelas) in New Brunswick, the first for the southwest portion of the province, is reported. This is the first documented occurrence of the species in the province in 44 years, and the first indication that the Fathead Minnow occurs outside the upper Saint John River system in New Brunswick.
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Aquatic toxicology
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Pimephales promelas
Aquatic toxicology
Ichthyoplankton
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Since its introduction about 20 yr ago, fathead minnow ( Pimephales promelas ) has become very abundant in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon. In 1991 mean bench seine catch per unit effort (CPUE) was 214, compared to 25 for native blue chub ( Gila coerulea ), the next most abundant species. In 45 trap-net samples collected in 1992, fathead minnow constituted 59% of the fishes caught in Agency Lake subbasin, 27% in Upper Klamath Lake, and 17% in tributary inflow habitats. From 1991 to 1995 fathead minnow declined and the abundance of some native fishes increased. Introduction to Klamath Basin was coincident with U.S. Environmental Protection Agency of fathead minnow as bioassay subjects. Upper Klamath Lake fathead minnow have incomplete lateral lines and males have mandibular tubercles, diagnostic of the northeastern subspecies. Although the origin, as bait bucket transfer, forage fish, or laboratory release, cannot be determined with certainty, the possibility of laboratory release suggest modification of bioassay protocols to require destruction of test or excess subjects.
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Abstract Dietary investigations have been conducted to improve the survival of fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) larvae for aquatic toxicity testing purposes Data are presented that suggest that feeding fish larvae both protozoa and Artemia nauplu may produce more consistent levels of larval survival and growth when compared with fish larvae fed Artemia nauplu only
Pimephales promelas
Aquatic toxicology
Ichthyoplankton
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