The nm23 gene maps to human chromosome band 17q22 and shows a restriction fragment length polymorphism with bg/II
Lillana VarescoMaria A. CaligoVincenzo NardiniGeneroso BevilacquaLucia CasarinoGiovanbattista FerrarPaolo SimiMariano RocchiDonald M. BlackEllen Solomon
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Abstract The NM23‐HI gene is a putative tumor suppressor gene that may be important in the metastastic process. Recent genetic and immunological data indicate that the NM23‐HI gene encodes a protein with nucleoside diphosphate (NDP) kinase activity. The mapping of NM23‐HI by panels of rodent‐human somatic cell hybrids and in situ hybridization showed that the gene is located in human chromosome band 17q22. A two‐allele polymorphism with Bg /ll was demonstrated.Keywords:
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Abstract Deletion mapping was employed to determine the physical order of five morphological variants, pyd1, yg2, wd1, v28 and v31, with respect to restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) markers located at the distal end of chromosome 9S in maize. The genetic materials used were a series of terminal-deficiency mutants, newly derived with McClintock's original stocks developed in the 1940s, via breakage-fusion-bridge cycles. A combined physical map and genetic map has been constructed based on data gathered from both genetic complementation tests and RFLP analysis. The location of v3l in relation to RFLP markers was further determined by interval mapping. The physical distance between the healed telomeric end and the most distal RFLP marker in two terminal-deficiency lines was established by using pulsed field gel electrophoresis and verified by Bal31 digestion. The results from this study set a foundation for studies on the mechanism of healing of broken chromosome ends in higher plants.
Restriction fragment
Genetic linkage
Chromosome 4
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Radiation hybrid mapping
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Physical mapping
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A linkage group containing the Or5 gene conferring resistance to Orobanche cumana race E, as well as 5 SCAR markers and 1 RAPD marker has been recently identified in sunflower. A SCAR marker RTS05, mapped 5.6 cM proximal to the Or5 locus, was analysed in an F 2 population for which the segregation data of 80 RFLP markers (GIE cartisol - Phase II, France) were available. An association was found between the SCAR marker RTS05 and an RFLP marker S009 (32.1 cM, LOD = 4.7) that had been mapped to the linkage group 17 of the GIE Cartisol RFLP map. Another RFLP marker S010, tightly linked to S009 (0.0 cM) in the same linkage group, was screened in the F 2 population that had been previously used for the Or5 linkage map identification. S010 was found to be significantly linked to all 5 SCAR markers as well as to the single RAPD marker with a LOD > 3.0 in each case. This RFLP marker was mapped between two SCAR markers and was situated at 35.1 cM from the resistance gene with a LOD = 2.7. These results showed that the Or5 linkage group could be integrated with the linkage group 17 of the GIE Cartisol RFLP map.Key words: Helianthus, Orobanche, RFLP, SCAR, linkage map.
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Helianthus
Molecular marker
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We have constructed a restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) linkage map of the nuclear genome of the small flowering plant Arabidopsis thaliana. The map is based on the meiotic segregation of both RFLP and morphological genetic markers from five independent crosses. The morphological markers on each of the five chromosomes were included in the crosses to allow alignment of the RFLP map with the established genetic map. The map contains 94 new randomly distributed molecular markers (nine identified cloned Arabidopsis genes and 85 genomic cosmid clones) that detect polymorphisms between the Landsberg erecta and Columbia races. In addition, 17 markers from an independently constructed RFLP map of the Arabidopsis genome [Chang, C., Bowman, J.L., DeJohn, A.W., Lander, E.S., and Meyerowitz, E.M. (1988). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 85, 6856-6860] have been included to permit integration of the two RFLP maps.
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Cosmid
Restriction fragment
Restriction map
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Radiation hybrid (RH) mapping is based on radiation-induced chromosome breakage and analysis of chromosome segment retention or loss using molecular markers. In durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L., AABB), an alloplasmic durum line [(lo) durum] has been identified with chromosome 1D of T. aestivum L. (AABBDD) carrying the species cytoplasm-specific (scsae) gene. The chromosome 1D of this line segregates as a whole without recombination, precluding the use of conventional genome mapping. A radiation hybrid mapping population was developed from a hemizygous (lo) scsae--line using 35 krad gamma rays. The analysis of 87 individuals of this population with 39 molecular markers mapped on chromosome 1D revealed 88 radiation-induced breaks in this chromosome. This number of chromosome 1D breaks is eight times higher than the number of previously identified breaks and should result in a 10-fold increase in mapping resolution compared to what was previously possible. The analysis of molecular marker retention in our radiation hybrid mapping panel allowed the localization of scsae and 8 linked markers on the long arm of chromosome 1D. This constitutes the first report of using RH mapping to localize a gene in wheat and illustrates that this approach is feasible in a species with a large complex genome.
Radiation hybrid mapping
Common wheat
Chromosome regions
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A threshold based approach for chromosome band extraction is introduced based on the grey scale variance within chromosome.Regional threshold is calculated with modified Bernsen algorithm firstly.Then grey-level classification is implemented and chromosome region is sharpened after iterative dichotomous processing.All separated regions are labeled for every chromosome.Finally,chromosome band is obtained by density latitude selection in the histogram of sharpened result.Experimental results from 200 chromosome samples with the proposed method demonstrate that the proposed method extracts chromosome band precisely and noise-freely,and is helpful for the research of automatic chromosome segmentation.
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In situ hybridization was used to localize a cDNA probe of the acetyl-CoA carboxylase gene to human metaphase chromosomes. A significant proportion of the grains were situated over chromosome band 17q21. In situ hybridization to a t(6;17)(p25;q21.33) confirmed the location of the gene proximal to 17q21.33.
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Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase
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The chromosomal location of an osmoregulation gene locus (or) was examined by exploring genetic linkage to restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) loci which have been mapped on group 7 chromosomes or located specifically on chromosome 7A. The osmoregulation gene had previously been located on chromosome 7A, but its specific position was unknown. Analysis of linkage with the RFLP loci suggested a probable position on the short arm approximately 13 cM towards the centromere from RFLP locus Xpsr119. The findings, which were based on a relatively small sample, are of a preliminary nature and require confirmation with a larger set of genetic stocks.
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