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    On the Hardness of Approximating the Chromatic Number
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    Following [1], we investigate the problem of covering a graph G with induced subgraphs G1,…, Gk of possibly smaller chromatic number, but such that for every vertex u of G, the sum of reciprocals of the chromatic numbers of the Gi's containing u is at least 1. The existence of such “chromatic coverings” provides some bounds on the chromatic number of G. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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    The well known concept of proper vertex colouring of a graph is used to introduce the construction of a chromatic completion graph and determining its related parameter, the chromatic completion number of a graph. The chromatic completion numbers of certain classes of cycle derivative graphs and helm graphs are then presented. Finally, we discuss further problems for research related to this concept.
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    Abstract The fractional chromatic number of a graph G is the infimum of the total weight that can be assigned to the independent sets of G in such a way that, for each vertex v of G , the sum of the weights of the independent sets containing v is at least 1. In this note we give a graph a graph whose fractional chromatic number is strictly greater than the supremum of the fractional chromatic numbers of its finite subgraphs. This answers a question of Zhu. We also give some grphs for which the fractional chromatic number is not attined, answering another of Zhu. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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