Fabrication of tungsten oxide microfibers with photocatalytic activity by electrospunning from PVA/H3PW12O40 gel
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Keywords:
Rhodamine B
Tungsten trioxide
Electrospinning
Vinyl alcohol
Indigo carmine
Indigo carmine
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Abstract The oxidation of indigo carmine by potassium hexacyanoferrate(III) is catalyzed by trace of silver nanoparticle (AgNP). The reaction is followed UV‐Vis absorption spectrophotometrically by measuring the change in the absorption spectra (λ max 612 nm). The catalytic oxidation reaction is used for the quantification of indigo carmine. The calibration graph was linear in the concentration range 50 nM—1.8 μM of indigo carmine. The variables affecting the method have been optimized. The method is applied to the determination of indigo carmine in groundwater samples with the satisfactory results.
Indigo carmine
Silver nanoparticle
Catalytic Oxidation
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The effects of PVA concentration, spin voltage and solidification distance on electrospinning were studied. It was found that PVA concentrations in the ranges of 5 %~ 8 %, spin voltage between 6.6~ 15 kV, solidification distance within 5 ~ 15 cm were suitable for electrospinning. Three kinds of PVA blend ing solutions, namely PVA/SA with 8 % / 0.5 %~1 %, PVA/SS with 8 % /2 %~4 % and PVA/CS with 8 % /2 %~3.5 % were suitable for the electrospinning and could produce nanofibers with good shape.
Vinyl alcohol
Electrospinning
Biopolymer
Polyvinyl Alcohol
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In this work, chitosan (CS)/poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) nanofibers were prepared by using the electrospinning method. Different CS concentrations (0.5, 1, 2, and 3 wt %), maintaining the PVA concentration at 8 wt %, were tested. Likewise, the studied electrospinning experimental parameters were: syringe/collector distance, solution flow and voltage. Subsequently, the electrospun fibers were collected on a reticulated vitreous carbon (RVC) support for 0.25, 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 h. The morphology and diameter of the CS/PVA nanofibers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), finding diameters in the order of 132 and 212 nm; the best results (uniform fibers) were obtained from the solution with 2 wt % of chitosan and a voltage, distance, and flow rate of 16 kV, 20 cm, and 0.13 mL/h, respectively. Afterwards, a treatment with an ethanolic NaOH solution was performed, observing a change in the fiber morphology and a diameter decrease (117 ± 9 nm).
Vinyl alcohol
Electrospinning
Morphology
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A series of TiO2 photocatalysis with different Fe content were prepared by sol-gel method in this article. Indigo carmine was used as a simulation of pollutants to test its catalytic activity. The results showed that when the content of Fe 0.75 % of all content, illuminating time 4h, the degradation efficiency of indigo carmine rouged up to 99.70%. The TiO2 photocatalytic efficiency could be significantly improved by doping iron.
Indigo carmine
Degradation
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Indigo carmine
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Abstract Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) nanofibres were obtained by electrospinning of PVA/water solutions. Formation of beaded fibres combined with decreased fibre diameters was observed for low PVA concentrations. Electrospinning of blends of PVA of different molecular weight resulted in less bead formation and smaller fibre diameters as compared to corresponding homopolymers of similar viscosity.
Vinyl alcohol
Electrospinning
Polyvinyl Alcohol
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Indigo carmine has been used for eight decades with few adverse effects. Several of our patients, however, experienced severe hypotensive episodes after indigo carmine administration within a period of one month. Analysis of the raw materials used to formulate the preparation of indigo carmine we used showed that they contained impurities. Following recall of these impure materials, none of our patients experienced further hypotensive episodes. Keywords: Adverse reaction; Hypotension; Impurity; Indigo carmine.
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Indigo carmine
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Preparation and application of a poly(vinyl alcohol)/silver hybrid nanofiber mat by electrospinning.
Vinyl alcohol
Electrospinning
Characterization
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