Supercontinuum Generation in Highly Nonlinear Fibers
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Prospect of mid-infrared supercontinuum generation using soft glass nonlinear fibers is presented. Potential of fluoride and tellurite glass as mid-infrared supercontinuum medium is clarified. Supercontinuum over 5 μm is demonstrated using a new chalcogenide MOF.Keywords:
Supercontinuum
Chalcogenide glass
That chalcogenide glasses potentially provide a solution for mid‐infrared medical endoscopy is discussed in detail for the first time. It is shown that chalcogenide glass fiber optics could underpin new mid‐infrared medical endoscopic systems for real‐time molecular sensing, imaging, and analysis of tissue and for fiber laser surgery at new mid‐infrared wavelengths. Moreover, chalcogenide glass fiber optic and waveguide devices and systems could provide the key to new mid‐infrared communications for molecular sensing to inform decision‐taking in other sectors as diverse as manufacturing, energy, the environment, and security. The development and deployment of chalcogenide glasses for mid‐infrared photonics over the next decade or so could mirror the complexity and versatility of silica fiber optics developed in the 20th century for near‐infrared photonics. These ideas are developed in this article and the current status of chalcogenide glass photonics is briefly surveyed.
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In this paper, recent experimental results on the development of high-purity passive and active chalcogenide glasses and fibers for mid-IR fiber evanescent wave spectroscopy (FEWS) are presented. The high purity Ge-Se(-I), Ge-Sb-Se, Ge-As-Se-Te, and REE-doped Ga(In)-Ge-As(Sb)-Se glasses were prepared and studied. On the base of chalcogenide glass fibers, the sensor setup for studying the elemental composition of liquids by the method of evanescent spectroscopy was developed and created. To increase the sensitivity of FEWS sensors, novel types of chalcogenide fiber sensor probes were developed. Successful tests of different passive chalcogenide fibers as FEWS sensors and active doped fibers as luminescent middle infrared sources to determine the elemental composition of oil products and environmental objects were carried out.
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Chalcogenide glass fibers have been successfully used for remote spectroscopy, temperature sensing and CO2 laser power delivery. In bulk form, chalcogenide glass is the most promising candidate for replacing the expensive germanium lenses for thermal imaging.
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Traditional optomechanical research is rarely studied in compound glass, especially chalcogenide glass. In this paper, the forward and backward Stimulated Brillouin Scattering (SBS) is demonstrated for the first time in a chalcogenide glass microsphere resonator. A high-purity chalcogenide glass microsphere with a high quality (Q) factor of 2.1 × 107 is investigated using a 1550 nm tunable laser. In the experiment, the resulting mechanical vibration frequencies caused by forward and backward SBS are measured at 80 MHz and 7.8 GHz, respectively. The triply resonant Stimulated Brillouin scattering process greatly enhances the light–acoustic interactions, enabling the threshold power to be 344 μW. The work demonstrated in the chalcogenide microresonator is important for the potential applications of chalcogenide glass, which has higher nonlinearity and low absorptions at mid-infrared band.
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This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Chalcogenide Glasses for Near-Infrared (NIR) Optics Bulk Chalcogenide Glasses (ChG): Composition and Optical Properties Chalcogenide Thin Films and Comparison with Bulk Glass Structural Characterization of Chalcogenide Glasses Raman Spectroscopy NIR Raman Spectroscopy of Bulk Chalcogenide Glasses NIR Waveguide and Micro-Raman Spectroscopy of Chalcogenide Films Photo-Induced Changes in Glassy Chalcogenides Exposure Sensitivity of Chalcogenide Glasses Photo-Induced Waveguides in Bulk ChG Materials Photo-Induced Changes in ChG Films Grating Fabrication in As2S3 Glassy Films Conclusions and Outlook References
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