Growth on and Catabolism of Pourine Degradation Intermediates by Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] Cell Suspension Cultures
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Keywords:
Allantoin
Hypoxanthine
Xanthine
Catabolism
Purine metabolism
Inosine
Theobromine
De novo synthesis
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The effects of some new methylxanthine compounds, derivatives of theophylline, theobromine and caffeine with various radicals in 8 position on blood pressure have been studied. Derivatives of theophylline (1,3-dimethyl-xanthine) with various radicals in 8 position have reduced the blood pressure. In the same experimental conditions the theobromine (3,7-dimethyl-xanthine) derivatives haven't modified the blood pressure while the caffeine (1,3,7-trimethyl-xanthine) derivatives have increased the blood pressure values.
Theobromine
Xanthine
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The Identity Of Caffeine As The Major Xanthine Present In Guarana Has Been Confirmed By Spectroscopic Methods. Theobromine and Theophylline Were Present In Small Amounts But The Presence Of A Tetramethylxanthine Could Not Be Detected. Evidence Was Obtained For The Presence Of A Complex Of Caffeine and A Tannin. Hplc Was Used To Quantify The Caffeine Present In Various Samples Of Guarana and Its Products. The Amount Of Caffeine Present Was Found To Be Between 2.0 and 4.5% W/W Which Is Of The Same Order As That Present In Tea and Coffee.
Theobromine
Xanthine
Tannin
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Theobromine
Xanthine
Catabolism
Purine metabolism
Hypoxanthine
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Theobromine
Xanthine
Recrystallization (geology)
Anhydrous
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By reaction of pentacarbonyltetrafluoroboratorhenium with the neutral methylated xanthine derivatives the cationic complexes [(OC) 5 Re‐L] + BF 4 – (L = caffeine, isocaffeine, theophylline, theobromine) were prepared and spectroscopically characterized.
Theobromine
Xanthine
Cationic polymerization
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Boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrodes were used to examine the electrochemical oxidation of xanthine and its naturally occurring N-methyl derivatives, theophylline, theobromine and caffeine. Voltammetric studies showed that the mechanism of the overall reaction is similar to that of the oxidation of purine derivatives at the pyrolytic graphite electrode. The effects of pH, concentration and potential sweep rate on the voltammetric response were thoroughly investigated, and it was found that BDD exhibits excellent behavior, in terms of very well-defined, reproducible oxidation peaks, for xanthine, theophylline, theobromine and caffeine determination. The results enabled the measurement of the oxidation peak current to be used as the basis for a simple, accurate and rapid method for determining the investigated compounds, within a concentration range of 1 to 400 μM for theophylline, theobromine and caffeine, and of 1 to 100 μM for xanthine. Promising results were obtained for caffeine determination in real samples of commercially available products, without separation from the matrix.
Theobromine
Xanthine
Pyrolytic carbon
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Hypoxanthine
Theobromine
Inosine
Xanthine
Purine metabolism
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Synthetic receptors (H3, H4, H5 and H6) are designed and synthesised for the first time for theobromine, a xanthine alkaloid used as a diuretic. The synthesis of the receptor H6 is achieved by Co(PPh3)3Cl-mediated homocoupling of 3-(ethoxycarbonyl)benzyl bromide 12 under mild conditions. New caffeine receptors (H7, H8 and H9) are designed and synthesised. The binding results of theobromine and caffeine (both by NMR and UV studies) are reported.
Theobromine
Xanthine
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Theobromine
Xanthine
Allantoin
Catharanthus roseus
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