A Comparison of Metoclopramide and Lidocaine for Preventing Pain on Injection of Diazepam
14
Citation
8
Reference
10
Related Paper
Citation Trend
Abstract:
We compared the ability of metoclopramide with IV lidocaine pretreatment to abolish pain from a diazepam injection. In a randomized, prospective, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial, 159 patients (ASA physical status I and II), aged 20–70 yr old, were allocated to one of three groups. Placebo and study drugs were injected IV immediately before 0.1 mg/kg of diazepam into a dorsal hand vein. Patients in Groups 1, 2, and 3 received 2 mL of placebo, 2 mL of lidocaine 1%, and 2 mL of metoclopramide (10 mg), respectively. The patient's response was graded using a 4-point scale. Any score other than 0 represented pain on injection. We observed that the incidence of pain on diazepam injection was 83% in the placebo group, which was decreased to 70% and 39% in patients pretreated with metoclopramide and lidocaine, respectively. Although there was no significant difference in the incidence of pain in Groups 1 and 3 (P > 0.05), Group 3 showed significantly less patients with severe pain scores than Group 1 as diazepam was injected (P < 0.000). Group 2 showed a significantly less frequent incidence of pain than the saline (P < 0.000) and the metoclopramide (P < 0.002) groups as diazepam was injected. The intensity of pain in Group 2 was significantly less than Group 3 (P = 0.012). The intensity of diazepam injection pain was intense with placebo as compared with other groups (P < 0.000). Metoclopramide, rather than lidocaine pretreatment, may be a reasonable analgesic alternative for painful injections.Keywords:
Metoclopramide
A comparison of the antiemetic effects of (H) and (M) was carried out by randomized control study in gynecologic cancer patients receiving CDDP (35-110 mg/m2). Metoclopramide was given at a dosage of 2 mg/kg (H) or 1 mg/kg (M), intravenously, 30 minutes before and 2.5 hours, 5.0 hours, and 7.5 hours following chemotherapy. Treatment with (H) resulted in 3.3 episodes of vomiting (range 0-5) whereas the episodes of vomiting noted with (M) were 3.4 (range 1-5). In patients receiving CDDP (H) or (M) dosage of metoclopramide gives similar antiemetic protection.
Metoclopramide
Cite
Citations (1)
Metoclopramide
Cite
Citations (12)
Metoclopramide
Dopamine antagonist
Cite
Citations (6)
Aims: Metoclopramide has been used as a gastro-kinetic agent but the safety and effects of different preparations of metoclopramide on preparation for outpatient endoscopy are largely unknown. The study aimed to evaluate the (1) Safety of using ODT (orally disintegrating tablet) or TT (traditional tablet) metoclopramide pre-endoscopy in non-fasting patients compared with placebo (2) Impact of ODT or TT metoclopramide on sedation and recovery times compared with placebo. Methods: A double blind randomized placebo-controlled trial with 3 arms; Metoclopramide ODT (n = 43), Metoclopramide TT (n = 43) and Placebo (n = 43). Results: Metoclopramide ODT had fewer adverse events compared with TT or placebo. Recovery time was significantly shorter with use of either metoclopramide versus placebo (P < 0.001) & total sedation time was also significantly shorter in the metoclopramide groups versus placebo (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Metoclopramide ODT is safe and beneficial in endoscopic procedures requiring limited access to food and liquid.
Metoclopramide
Cite
Citations (0)
To investigate whether intrathecal administration of 10% glucose increases functional impairment and histologic damage in rats when mixed with 5% lidocaine. After implanted intrathecal catheter, 32 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to one of four groups: lidocaine group (Group L, n=8) received 5% lidocaine 20 µL, lidocaine with glucose group (Group LG, n=8) received 5% lidocaine with 10% glucose 20 µL, glucose group (Group G, n=8) received 10% glucose 20 µL and normal saline group received normal saline 20 µL (Group NS, n=8). Four days after intrathecal injection, sensory impairments of rats in the four groups were evaluated by using the tail-flick test. The histologic changes of spinal cord and nerve roots were observed by electron microscopy and light microscopy. There was no significant difference in baseline tail-flick latencies between the four groups (P=0.284). On the 4th day after intrathecal injection, the assessment result of sensory function was similar to baseline (P=0.217) in saline-treated animals. Sensory impairment occurred after intrathecal administration of 5% lidocaine, and 10% glucose with 5% lidocaine worsen this satiation (P=0.0001); histologic changes in 10% glucose with 5% lidocaine-treated group has differ significantly from lidocaine-treated group (P=0.001). Sensory function after intrathecal administration of 10% glucose was similar to baseline and did not differ from the saline group (P=0.995); histologic changes in 10% glucose-treated rats did not differ significantly from saline controls (P=0.535). These results suggest that 5% lidocaine can induce spinal neurotoxicity and 10% glucose with 5% lidocaine could worsen spinal neurotoxicity.
Intrathecal
Cite
Citations (4)
One of the agents that cause dystonic reactions is metoclopramide. In this study, we presented three individuals of the same family who were admitted to our hospital while receiving the treatment of metoclopramide because of developing acute dystonic reaction. Appropriate doses of metoclopramide therapy had begun to all brothers with a diagnosis of gastroenteritis. After receiving the first dose of medication, acute dystonia was observed within half an hour in these brothers who used metoclopramide. Thus, if there is a patient who developed acute dystonia in the same family due to metoclopramide, avoiding from use of metoclopramide will be beneficial for other members of the family.
Metoclopramide
Cite
Citations (7)
A double blind controlled trial was performed to assess the symptomatic benefit of oral metoclopramide in patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux. In the 31 patients studied, metoclopramide was not clearly superior to the placebo but definite conclusions could not be drawn because of the small numbers.
Metoclopramide
Rabeprazole
Cite
Citations (21)
Objective: To compare the clinical effect of zudan and metoclopramide on controling vomiting caused by cisplatin. Methods: 20 patients were randornly divided into two groups: group BA (n=10) and group AB (n=10).Zudan and metoclopramide were respectively given to them in different phases. The curative effect and side effect were observed. Results: The effective rate was 70% for zudan,30% for metoclopramide,and the side effect of zudan hadn't been observed. Conclusion: These results suggest that zudan may be more effective and safer than metoclopramide.
Metoclopramide
Cite
Citations (0)
Metoclopramide, a drug used for the relief of nausea and emesis, is currently under development as a radio‐ and chemosensitizing agent. Its usefulness in high doses, however, is limited by its central nervous system side effects. Neu‐metoclopramide (Neu Sensamide), a novel, concentrated, phosphate‐buffered, pH‐adjusted (pH = 6.5–7.0) formulation of metoclopramide, has been shown to have an improved side‐effect profile in animal studies. The present double‐blind, four‐way crossover study compared the central nervous system effects and pharmacokinetics of neu‐metoclopramide (intravenously and intramuscularly at 1.8 mg/kg) with intravenous metoclopramide and intramuscular placebo in 19 healthy male volunteers. Eight participants withdrew from the study, one because of noncompliance and seven because of adverse events. A total of 28 central nervous system events were observed with intravenous metoclopramide administration, whereas 16, 15, and 6 such events were attributed to intravenous neu‐metoclopramide, intramuscular neu‐metoclopramide, and placebo, respectively. Extra pyramidal effects occurred on 10 occasions: 7 after intravenous metoclopramide, 2 after intravenous neu‐metoclopramide, and 1 after intramuscular neu‐metoclopramide. No significant differences were observed in the pharmacokinetic profiles of the three formulations of metoclopramide. It may be speculated, therefore, that the molecular conformational changes inherent to neu‐metoclopramide result in a reduced side‐effect profile compared with conventional metoclopramide formulations.
Metoclopramide
Crossover study
Intramuscular injection
Cite
Citations (6)
Summary The effect of acute and chronic administration of metoclopramide on serum prolactin levels in normal subjects was studied. Metoclopramide 10 mg i.v. induced a prompt rise in serum prolactin levels in all subjects. At 180 min the levels remained high. Prolactin levels were markedly elevated during a 5 day course of treatment with metoclopramide in six subjects. It is suggested that metoclopramide could be used in the functional exploration of the hypothalamic‐pituitary axis.
Metoclopramide
Cite
Citations (33)