Hematoporphyrin Monomethyl Ether-Mediated Photodynamic Therapy Selectively Kills Sarcomas by Inducing Apoptosis
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We investigated the antitumor effect and mechanism of hematoporphyrin monomethyl ether-mediated photodynamic therapy (HMME-PDT) in sarcomas. Intracellular uptake of HMME by osteosarcoma cells (LM8 and K7) was time- and dose-dependent, while this was not observed for myoblast cells (C2C12) and fibroblast cells (NIH/3T3). HMME-PDT markedly inhibited the proliferation of sarcoma cell lines (LM8, MG63, Saos-2, SW1353, TC71, and RD) (P<0.05), and the killing effect was improved with increased HMME concentration and energy intensity. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that LM8, MG63, and Saos-2 cells underwent apoptosis after treatment with HMME-PDT. Additionally, apoptosis was induced after HMME-PDT in a three-dimensional culture of osteosarcoma cells. Hoechst 33342 staining confirmed apoptosis. Cell death caused by PDT was rescued by an irreversible inhibitor (Z-VAD-FMK) of caspase. However, cell viability was not markedly decreased compared with the HMME-PDT group. Expression levels of caspase-1, caspase-3, caspase-6, caspase-9, and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) proteins were markedly up-regulated in the treatment groups and increased with HMME concentration as determined by western blot analysis. In vivo, tumor volume markedly decreased at 7-16 days post-PDT. Hematoxylin and eosin staining revealed widespread necrotic and infiltrative inflammatory cells in the HMME-PDT group. Immunohistochemistry analysis also showed that caspase-1, caspase-3, caspase-6, caspase-9, and PARP proteins were significantly increased in the HMME-PDT group. These results indicate that HMME-PDT has a potent killing effect on osteosarcoma cells in vitro and significantly inhibits tumor growth in vivo, which is associated with the caspase-dependent pathway.Keywords:
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With continuous development of the study on photosensitizers and photodynamic light,application of photodynamic therapy in the treatment of cancer has become increasingly mature.Basic and theoretical study of photodynamic therapy,as well as the continued listing of new products,also bring to patients of the Gospel.Now the writer summarized this year's basic research and clinical study of photodynamic,and set out the relevant views.
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Cancer Therapy
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Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a light based therapy used to ablate tumors. As practiced in oncology a photosensitizing agent is applied and then activated by a specific wavelength and energy of light. This light energy in the presence of oxygen will lead to the creation of the photodynamic reaction which is cyto and vasculo toxic. This paper will review the mechanisms of action of PDT and how they may be manipulated to improve clinical outcome in cancer patients.
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Photodynamic therapy is a new and effective technique for cancer treatment,and 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy is demonstrated to be more safe and effective than other photodynamic therapy.The treatment indication has been enlarged in recent years.This article reviewed the advances of 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy in dermatology and venerology.
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Clinical overview skin and subcutaneous endobronchus oesophagus gynaecologic miscellaneous treatments photoradiation therapy for choroidal malignant melanoma nursing aspects of photodynamic therapy the laser technician's role in photodynamic therapy photodynamic therapy photodynamic therapy - mechanisms and new clinical approaches urologic uses of photodynamic therapy photodynamic therapy for brain tumours photosensitized inactiviation of viral and protozoan infections agents.
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To explore the relationship between apoptosis of liver cells and Caspase-3 in endotoxemia(ET) and antagonistic effect of Cation A(CA) in rats.Seventy-two adult healthy SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups,including control group,ET group and CA group.Hepatic tissues in three groups were collected for tests at 3rd,4th,8th and 12th hour after treatment.Apoptosis of liver cells were detected by flow cytometry,and Caspase-3 expression was detected by immunohistochemical staining.The results showed that the percentage of apoptosis of liver cells in ET group were significantly higher than that of control and CA group.The percentage of hepatocyte apoptosis of ET group was in an upward trend,however,which was upward trend in the CA group at the 3rd,4th,8th hours time points,and went downward trend at the 12th hour.Caspase-3 expression in ET group was significantly higher than that of CA group.These results suggested that apoptosis and Caspase-3 protein expression in liver cell was positive correlation in endotoxemia,and CA have a significantly antagonistic effect on inflammatory injure through down-regulation of the expression of Caspase-3 pathway in liver,inhibiting liver cell apoptosis
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Age-Related Macular Degeneration Other Etiologies of Choroidal Neovascularization Diagnostic Imaging for Photodynamic Therapy: Fluorescein Angiography and Optical Coherence Tomography Treatment of Subfoveal Choroidal Neovascularization Photosensitizing Agents Treatment of Age-Related Macular Degeneration with Photodynamic Therapy Treatment Protocol of Photodynamic Therapy Practical Applications of Photodynamic Therapy Complications of Photodynamic Therapy Alternative Applications for Photodynamic Therapy
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Objective To study on whether the apoptosis existed and the change of gene expression related to apoptosis by investigation of apoptosis of the cerebral contusion and expression of Bcl-2/Bax and caspase-3 related to apoptosis in human.Method We researched that apoptosis and gene expression of Bcl-2/Bax and caspase-3in brain tissues by FCM and immunohistochemical.Results Analysis showed that apoptosis of neuro-cell was related to patient's injury serious level and injury time(P0 05),but was not related to prognosis.The positive expression of Bcl-2 was related to prognosis(P0 05),but was not related to sex?age?GCS and injury time.The caspase-3 was highly correlated with the apoptosis,which showed the expression of caspase-3 was an indicator of apoptosis degree.Conclusions Apoptosis occurred in human brain after actue injury which fulfilled a function in pathological transformation of brain tissues. The expression of Bcl-2 was related to prognosis. The expression of caspase-3 could reflect the levels of apoptosis.
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Photodynamic therapy (PDT) kills cancer cells by converting tumour oxygen into reactive singlet oxygen ((1)O2) using a photosensitizer. However, pre-existing hypoxia in tumours and oxygen consumption during PDT can result in an inadequate oxygen supply, which in turn hampers photodynamic efficacy. Here to overcome this problem, we create oxygen self-enriching photodynamic therapy (Oxy-PDT) by loading a photosensitizer into perfluorocarbon nanodroplets. Because of the higher oxygen capacity and longer (1)O2 lifetime of perfluorocarbon, the photodynamic effect of the loaded photosensitizer is significantly enhanced, as demonstrated by the accelerated generation of (1)O2 and elevated cytotoxicity. Following direct injection into tumours, in vivo studies reveal tumour growth inhibition in the Oxy-PDT-treated mice. In addition, a single-dose intravenous injection of Oxy-PDT into tumour-bearing mice significantly inhibits tumour growth, whereas traditional PDT has no effect. Oxy-PDT may enable the enhancement of existing clinical PDT and future PDT design.
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