Double-Resonance Plasmon Substrates for Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering with Enhancement at Excitation and Stokes Frequencies
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We report a surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate with plasmon resonances at both excitation and Stokes frequencies. This multilayer structure combines localized surface plasmons on the nanoparticles with surface plasmon polaritons excited on a gold film. The largest SERS enhancement factor for a gold device is measured to be 7.2 × 107, which is more than 2 orders of magnitude larger than that measured on a gold nanoparticle array on a glass substrate. The largest SERS enhancement for a silver device is measured to be 8.4 × 108.Keywords:
Localized surface plasmon
We study a surface plasmon polariton mode that is strongly confined in the transverse direction and propagates along a periodically nanostructured metal-dielectric interface. We show that the wavelength of this mode is determined by the period of the structure, and may therefore, be orders of magnitude smaller than the wavelength of a plasmon-polariton propagating along a flat surface. This plasmon polariton exists in the frequency region in which the sum of the real parts of the permittivities of the metal and dielectric is positive, a frequency region in which surface plasmon polaritons do not exist on a flat surface. The propagation length of the new mode can reach a several dozen wavelengths. This mode can be observed in materials that are uncommon in plasmonics, such as aluminum or sodium.
Localized surface plasmon
Nanophotonics
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Surface plasmon resonance of periodic narrow-grooved metallic thin films were studied with finite-difference time-domain simulations. Two distinguishable modes, surface plasmon polaritons and localized surface plasmons, are associated with different periods. The surface plasmon polaritons have widely extended near-field distributions and sharp resonance; however, the localized surface plasmon modes are highly concentrated in the grooves, and have broad resonance. Our results demonstrate that the surface plasmon polaritons and localized surface plasmons were coupled with electromagnetic waves to resonantly tunnel through the array of subwavelength holes. This optical tunneling effect exhibited large phase lag and time delay for the surface plasmon polariton. The broadness of localized surface plasmon resonance indicated that it could exist in randomly distributed, narrow-grooved structures as well.
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We report surface-plasmon-polariton-induced suppressed transmission through two-dimensional arrays of isolated metal disks with a thickness comparable to optical skin depth of the metal. A transmittance dip of -17.5 dB is achieved at the resonant wavelength of 1524 nm, compared to -12 dB for closed film. Coupling the light into the surface-plasmon polariton results in enhanced absorption, which is potentially interesting in solar cell applications.
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Extraordinary optical transmission
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We study a structure consisting of a gold disk array, an SiO2 spacer, and a gold film. We study the effect of spacer thickness on the anti-crossing between localized plasmons and surface plasmon polaritons.
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The characteristics of surface plasmon polaritons at a chiral-metal interface are analyzed in detail. Compared to conventional surface plasmon waves at a dielectric-metal interface, it is shown that chiral surface plasmon waves have distinguishing features such as the presence of an s-wave at the metal surface, the existence of a cutoff frequency and chirality value, and the dependence of the propagation length on the chiral parameter. These properties of chiral surface plasmon waves can be exploited for on-chip chiral sensing and enantiometric detection applications.
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Interface (matter)
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The resonant coupling of surface and bulk plasmons that occurs inside the transition layer between a metal and a dielectric significantly modifies waveguiding properties of metallic nanostructures. In particular, it heavily affects the propagation of the surface plasmon polaritons maintained by a metal/dielectric interface. It is demonstrated that a great part of the energy guided by the surface plasmon polaritons is transmitted through this resonance to the bulk plasmons of the transition layer. The related damping of the surface polaritons is shown to be comparable to, or even higher than, the collisional attenuation. Thus, the plasmon coupling is predicted to play a key role for a range of plasmonic applications based on surface polaritons and their propagation in metallic nanostructures.
Localized surface plasmon
Nanophotonics
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We have systematically investigated the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of the silver nanoparticles by using electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) and optical simulation based on boundary element methods with respect to the diameter and the impact parameter variations. The both peaks of EELS and optical curve were occurred from 3.2 to 3.8 eV. Interestingly, we found two types of plasmon modes. At the impact parameter from 0 to R, the plasmon showed the properties as bulk plasmon, while at the greater value than R it showed the surface plasmon mode. This result showed the EELS simulation was better to observe a high-order of LSPR spectra than optical simulation. High-order was originated from a higher multipolar mode and weak interaction in surface plasmon phenomenon. As shown above, the EELS measurement can detect a high-order mode of LSPR than the optical measurement.
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Silver nanoparticle
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Localized surface plasmon
Particle (ecology)
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Localized surface plasmon
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Gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) have been attracting more attention because they have many color varieties in the visible region based on plasmon resonance, which is due to the collective oscillation of the electrons at the surface of the nanoparticles. We prepared 6 nm Au NPs to modify the surface of the glass substrate. Surface plasmons resonance of Au NPs in toluene is between 500 nm and 600 nm. When Au NPs are modified on the glass substrate, the peak of surface plasmons resonance of Au NPs is shifted. We employed spectral ellipsometry to detect optical properties. Then the characteristics of surface plasmons resonance of Au NPs is determined by reflective index. The performance of surface plasmons resonance of Au NPs on the glass substrate is simulated and shown.
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Ellipsometry
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