Heat transport and spin–charge separation in the normal state of high temperature superconductors
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We have observed the transition temperature of both the cubic and tetragonal phases of several high-temperature beta-W superconductors. The instability of the cubic lattice appears to be characteristic of high-temperature superconductors.
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That the superconducting transition in underdoped high temperature superconductors is controlled by phase ordering, implies that pairing is a local phenomenon that occurs on an intermediate length scale, and typically at a temperature above T~.. The discovery of local stripe order in the LSCO family of high temperature superconductors, along with the theoretical suggestion that such structures are a general feature of doped antiferromagnets lead us further to propose that in fact pairing occurs in the vicinity of an individual stripe. The transition to a superconducting state then follows at lower temperature due tO Josephson coupling between stripes. In this paper we review our microscopic model of high temperature pairing on individual stripes.
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Superconducting thin films of YBa2Cu3O7−x have been successfully made by co-sputtering from the three targets in an Ar and O2 mixture atmosphere. After high-temperature anneal films are superconducting with an onset temperature at 90 K, a full transition temperature as high as 88 K, and a critical current density in excess of 1×105 A/cm2 at 78 K and 2×106 A/cm2 at 4.2 K. Highly oriented thin films have been obtained on SrTiO3 {100} substrates.
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The ultrasonic nonlinearity parameter beta of the high-temperature superconductor YBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 7- delta / was measured from 300 to 77 K by using the second-harmonic generation technique. The ultrasonic nonlinearity parameter beta decreases with decreasing temperature very rapidly from room temperature to 200 K and vanishes around the transition temperature. The phenomenon can be explained by assuming a structural phase transition, a superconducting transition or a gain boundary change. The behavior is unique and different from that of single crystals.< >
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It is well known and it has been shown experimental evidence that the critical transition temperature Tc of any type of superconductor depends among other criteria on the crystal structure. Very good examples are thallium, mercury, lanthanum, tin and gallium. Also in high temperature superconductor (HTSC) cuprates a relation between the geometry of the crystal and the transition temperature has been found. This investigation of HTSC's with the model of a resonance effect between the de Broglie wavelength of paired current carrying particles and the dimension of the solid state structure forming a quantum well, has been suggested by the authors in a previous paper. In this model the dimension is given by the distance of the atoms providing the current carrying particles and at the same time the structure acts as a resonator stimulating a coherent phase transition from an electron or particle gas to a condensate.
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The potential of a new substrate, PrGaO3, for high Tc oxide superconducting films is investigated and results indicate it is the most suitable material studied so far. Single crystals were grown by the Czochralski method. The lattice mismatch between PrGaO3 and YBa2Cu3Ox superconductor was estimated to be only 0.02% at the elevated deposition temperature. The dielectric constant value was 24 at 10 kHz. The c-axis oriented YBa2Cu3Ox films were deposited onto PrGaO3 substrates by the laser ablation technique. Their superconducting transition temperature was as high as 90 K, even for a film thickness of only 500 Å.
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Superconductors with low superfluid density can be described by XY models. In such models the scale of the transition temperature T_c is largely set by the zero temperature phase stiffness (helicity modulus), a long-wavelength property of the system: T_c = A Upsilon(0). However, the constant A is a non-universal number, depending on dimensionality and the degree of inhomogeneity. In this Letter, we discuss strategies for maximizing A for 2D XY models, that is, how to maximize the transition temperature with respect to the zero temperature, long wavelength properties. We find that a framework type of inhomogeneity can increase the transition temperature significantly. For comparison, we present similar results for Ising models.
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