The relationship between Kuchofuku ® and body temperature in X-linked anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia
Kensuke MatsuneKenichi KatoNorimitsu HiraiMiho MakimuraRyosuke KobayashiMichiharu ShimosakaMasatoshi SuzukiKoh ShibutaniTakahide Maeda
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Perspiration
Body surface
Skin Temperature
Perspiration
Eccrine sweat gland
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Many investigators have demonstrated that sympathetic sudomotor activity sufficient to cause visible sweating is accompanied by a decrease in electrical skin resistance (ESR). Furthermore, the reciprocal of resistance (conductance) was shown to be linearly related to the amount of perspiration and the number of visibly active sweat glands. The present study examines the relationship of ESR to sweat-gland activation under apparently nonsweating circumstances, and clarifies the significance of topographical differences in ESR observed in human studies conducted at moderate (nonsweating) temperatures; results also suggest a neural influence on insensible perspiration. Comparisons in adjacent high- and low-resistance areas were made of the sweat gland responses produced by intradermal injections of drugs that directly stimulate sweat glands. When just-threshold quantities of acetylcholine (ACh), pilocarpine, or epinephrine were used, the low-resistance areas always responded with more numerous activated glands. When both high- and low-resistance areas were injected with procaine approximately 10 min prior to ACh injection, activated sweat gland response was essentially similar in both areas. At moderate temperatures, sweat glands evidently receive sudomotor impulses at a rate that does not produce visible sweating, but does increase transcutaneous water transfer and electrolyte conductance Submitted on February 21, 1961
Sudomotor
Perspiration
Pilocarpine
Skin conductance
Eccrine sweat gland
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Pilocarpine
Iontophoresis
Eccrine sweat
Skin biopsy
Eccrine sweat gland
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Abstract Excretion of trace metals in perspiration, or sweat, can be of importance in the balance of elements in the human body. The loss of essential trace elements through perspiration can be a factor in nutrition studies and excretion of toxic metals plays a role in toxicity studies. It has been suggested1 that such excretion is a means of removing non-essential components from the body. Iodine, bromine, silver, mercury and other pharmacological substances administered can be discharged in this manner.2 In 1928, Lomholt3 found small amounts of mercury in the perspiration of patients injected with mercuric ion as a treatment for syphilis. The secretion by the sweat glands is far greater than the secretion of most other larger glands; for example, typical sweat glands weighing a total of 40 g secrete 3–10 kg of fluid/day compared to typical saliva glands, which weigh 70 g and secrete 1.5 kg saliva/day.2 Since a portion of human perspiration is insensible and does not involve the sweat glands,2 loss of trace substances in sweat is possibly more significant than generally believed. Little research has been published on the concentration of metals in human perspiration.
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Mercury
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A new apparatus for measuring the sweat rate, utilizing a capsule with two hygrosensors of electrostatic capacity type, was designed and constructed. In this apparatus, the net value of sweat rate was estimated from the difference between the indicates of the two hygrosensors equipped at the upstream and downstream sides for the sweat collection window of the capsule. The apparatus is able to detect a small amount of perspiration accurately, and sufficient to follow the rapid change of the sweating activity.
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Eccrine sweat
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Palmoplantar hidrosis is common in patients who are susceptible to strains on the autonomic nervous system, and stress and mental strain have been proven to produce sweating in this population. Shigyaku-san (Sini san, TJ-35: Tsumura & Co.) is effective for relieving stagnation of 'liver Qi and vital energy' in traditional Chinese medicine theory; this brings about improvement of palmoplantar hidrosis. The effect of Shigyaku-san on 40 patients was evaluated based on changes in palmoplantar sweat volume and skin temperature before and after stress loading. We also measured changes in the palmoplantar sweat volume and skin temperature due to stress load in 35 healthy controls who did not receive Shigyaku-san. Before treatment, the pre-stress sweat volume in patients was larger than that in healthy controls, however, after Shigyaku-san treatment, their pre-stress sweat volume decreased. With stress, the sweat volume increased in both patients and controls, but the net increase in the patients was larger than that in healthy controls. After Shigyaku-san treatment, the net increase of sweat volume due to stress was smaller than that of pretreatment, however, it did not show a significant difference with that of healthy controls. The palmoplantar skin temperature of the patients before treatment was lower than that of healthy controls. Palmoplantar skin temperature rose with stress loading in healthy controls, but decreased in pretreatment patients. Shigyaku-san treatment reduced the palmoplantar perspiration in palmoplantar hidrosis patients at rest and under stress. Furthermore, it also improved other serious complications, especially coldness of the extremities.
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Kampo
Mental stress
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Summary. Effect of thermal stress (Finnish Sauna‐bath) and muscular exercise (on treadmill) on the rise in body temperature, on the sweating rate, and electrolyte and lactate content of sweat is studied. In one half of the experiments, hypoglycaemia was induced by intravenous injections of insulin. There are no significant differences in the rate of sweating and in the composition of sweat during insulin hypoglycaemia and during euglycaemia. In the lactiite content of sweat there is some tendency to increased values with decreased blood sugar concentrations. The rise in body temperature under insulin hppoglycaemia is significantly lower than in experiments without insulin injection. The reason for this observation is briefly discussed.
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Treadmill
Blood sugar
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Abstract Ectodermal dysplasia is a group of conditions characterized by abnormal development of ectodermal tissues including the skin, hair, teeth and sweat glands. Anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (Christ-Siemens-Touraine Syndrome) is only one of this large and heterogenous group, but is the most frequent. An inability to sweat (anhidrosis) can lead to high body temperature (hyperthermia), because the body cannot cool itself by evaporating sweat. The authors present the diagnostic difficulties in an infant with this condition, in which prolonged fever was the dominant symptom.
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Hair shaft
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