Preparation of potassium hexatitanate long fibres by the flux evaporation method using Na2O-K2O-B2O3 flux
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We found the yield of GaN grown in a Li-Na flux system to be much higher than that grown in Na flux. Nitrogen dissolution seemed to increase with Li in solution, which promotes the growth of GaN crystals. In this paper, we report that the yield of GaN and habit modifications greatly depend on the composition of the Li-Na flux system and that GaN can be grown in a pure Li flux at about 50 atm.
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Abstract Crystals of GdTaO4, DyTaO4, and ErTaO4, and those of Gd3TaO7, Y3TaO7 and Er3TaO7 have been grown by PbF2–PbO flux. Solid solution crystals of YTaO4 and YNbO4 have been obtained for the starting composition of YTaxNb1−xO4(x<0.5).
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Flux treatment using various molten salts was performed for SrTiO3 powders. Morphology of SrTiO3 crystals obtained by the flux treatment strongly depended on the kinds of molten salts used. Large cubic crystals exposing {100} facets with a size of 5–6 μm were obtained by the flux treatment with LiCl whereas truncated cubes exposing {100} and {110} facets with a size of 200–400 nm were obtained when NaCl or SrCl2 was used as a flux reagent. In contrast, the flux treatment with KCl gave characteristic shaped crystals with a size of 300 nm. Electron microscope observation and electron diffraction analysis revealed that the crystals treated with the KCl flux expose {100}, {120}, and {121} facets. SrTiO3 treated with the KCl flux exhibited higher activity by 20 times than the non-flux-treated sample. Thus, a remarkable improvement of activity has been achieved by the fabrication of SrTiO3 crystals exposing high-index facets, {120} and {121}, using the KCl flux.
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Abstract Mn x Cr 3 x O 4 was prepared by the flux method. Melts of PbOPbF 2 , Bi 2 O 3 B 2 O 3 , B 2 O 3 , Na 2 B 4 O 7 , and Na 2 W 2 O 7 Na 2 WO 4 were used. The best results could be yielded with the PbOPbF 2 flux, from which crystals with 2–4 mm in thickness were grown. The Bi 2 O 3 B 2 O 3 flux produced crystals with 1–2 mm in thickness. The spinell structure of the chromite was proved by X‐ray investigation.
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Abstract The growth of hexagonal bipyramidal ruby crystals by the flux evaporation method in the Li2O–MoO3 flux system has been reported. Ruby crystals were grown by heating a mixture of a solute (Al2O3 + 0.5 wt % Cr2O3) and a flux (Li2O–MoO3) at 1050, 1100, or 1200 °C, followed by holding the solution at these temperatures for 5 h. The crystal size was dependent on the evaporation loss of the flux. The evaporation loss of the flux gradually decreased with increasing amount of Li2O added to MoO3, and increased with the holding temperature. The obtained ruby crystals had lengths of up to 2.6 mm and widths of up to 2.1 mm, and had a transparent-red color. Their form was a bipyramid, bounded by well-developed faces. The most suitable flux composition for high-quality and large ruby crystal growth was found to be 2 mol % Li2O–98 mol % MoO3.
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Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
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Abstract Needle‐like crystals of a new orthorhombic phase of SiP 2 are prepared from Si and red phosphorus in a Sn flux using Gd as a mineralizer (evacuated silica tube, 1123 K, 48 h).
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A Ca−Li3N composite flux was introduced to grow GaN single crystals from Ga melts. The obtained GaN crystals were colorless and up to 4 mm at 800 °C under N2 pressure of about 2 atm. The effects of introducing the composite flux on the size distribution, morphologies, and yield of the GaN crystals were studied. It was found that the addition of Ca retarded the homogeneous nucleations to some extent and resulted in a more uniform size distribution of the GaN crystals in comparison with that grown using Li3N as flux only. The layered morphological feature on the GaN surface suggested that the layer growth mechanism was probably enhanced by the composite flux. The yield of the crystals was strongly dependent on the flux compositions. These results provided a possible new route for improving the growth of GaN crystals from melts in the future by optimizing the composite flux.
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