Pretreatment of posterior subtenon injection of triamcinolone acetonide has beneficial effects for grid pattern photocoagulation against diffuse diabetic macular oedema
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To prospectively evaluate the efficacy of subtenon injection of triamcinolone acetonide (TA) before laser grid pattern photocoagulation (G-PC) for the treatment of diffuse diabetic macular oedema (DDME).42 eyes of 37 consecutive patients with DDME were studied. 1 week before G-PC, 21 eyes received TA subtenon injection, and the other eyes served as control. The clinical course of visual acuity (VA) and foveal thickness (FT) was monitored for up to 24 weeks after G-PC. Mean deviation (MD) of perimetry with 30-2 program on Humphrey Perimeter (Zeiss-Humphrey, Dublin, California, USA) was also measured. The average laser intensity was recorded.After TA injection, FT and VA were improved, and subsequent G-PC maintained the improvement for up to 24 weeks without recurrence of diffuse diabetic macular oedema. In contrast, G-PC without TA injection induced transient worsening of FT and VA, then both were gradually improved. At 24 weeks after G-PC, MD in the TA-injected eyes was better than those in control. The required laser intensity in TA-injected eyes was less than that for control.Subtenon injection of TA prior to G-PC allows for treatment with a lower intensity of laser spots and also prevents the decrease in central visual field sensitivity, all of which have clinical advantages for G-PC.Cite
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Seperti pada dewasa, teknik regional anestesi pada pediatrik kini makin popular digunakan oleh ahli anestesikarena keuntungannya. Namun demikian selalu ada risiko dan kemungkinan timbulnya komplikasi dari setiap tindakan yang dilakukan, termasuk tindakan anestesi regional pada pediatrik. Insidensi komplikasi anestesi regional pada pediatrik tidak banyak, dan kalaupun terjadi komplikasi adalah minor. Komplikasi bisa diakibatkan dari identifikasi ruang saraf, alat, obat, teknis tindakan anestesi regionalnya dan komplikasi lainnya.Walaupun tidak banyak kejadian komplikasi regional anestesi yang dilaporkan pada pediatrik, dan bukanlah komplikasi yang fatal, teknik regional anestesi pada pediatrik harus dilakukan dengan lebih hatihati, pertimbangan risiko dan keuntungannya untuk menghindari terjadinya komplikasi, terlebih karena kebanyakan komplikasi dapat dihindari dengan mempelajari teknik yang benar, menggunakan peralatan yang sesuai, dan sangat menerapkan prinsip keamanan pada pasien dengan baik.
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Genentech is partnering with the German cancer company Affimed to develop immunotherapies for multiple kinds of solid and blood cancers. Affimed is developing therapies that engage natural killer cells of the innate immune system to help direct them to attack cancer cells. Genentech will pay Affimed $96 million up front and up to $5 billion more in potential payments.
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Objective Investigate and analyze the macular thickness in diabetic patients by optical coherence tomography(OCT) measurements.Methods There were 30 eyes(30 cases) in normal control group,and 90 eyes(30 cases) in diabetic group.The diabetic patients were divided into three groups: non-diabetic retinopathy(NDR),non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy(NPDR) and proliferative diabetic retinopathy(PDR).We observed the different tomographic features of diabetic macula and measured macular thickness.For each eye,nine different sectors were analyzed(central subfield,four parafoveal sectors,and four extrafoveal sectors).All the people had undergone examination of BCVA,slit lamp,ocular fundus,FFA and OCT.Results he average retinal thickness at central subfield(CSF) with 1 mm diameter respectively were NDR Group(225.8±18.0)μm,NPDR Group(246.8±34.2)μm,PDR Group(323.5±92.2)μm,Contral Group(224.8±15.9)μm.There were statistically significant differences in CSF among NPDR group,PDR group and the control eyes(P 0.05).But no significant difference between NDR group and the control eyes.Conclusion OCT can detect macular thickness and structural changes in eyes with DM.It is a useful tool to diagnose and monitor diabetic maculopathy.
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