Adsorption of Eu(III) on oMWCNTs: Effects of pH, Ionic Strength, Solid-Liquid Ratio and Water-Soluble Fullerene
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The influences of pH, ionic strength, solid‐liquid ratio, , and C 60 (OH) n on Eu(III) adsorption onto the oxidation multiwalled carbon nanotubes (oMWCNTs) were studied by using batch technique. The dynamic process showed that the adsorption of Eu(III) onto oMWCNTs could be in equilibrium for about 17 h and matched the quasi‐second‐order kinetics model. The sorption process was influenced strongly by pH changes and ionic strength. In the pH range of 1.0 to 4.0, the adsorption ratio increased with the increasing of pH values, then the adsorption of Eu(III) was almost saturated in the pH range of 4.0 to 10.0, and the adsorption ratio reached about 90%. The adsorption ratio decreased with the increasing of ionic strength. could promote the adsorption process obviously, but C 60 (OH) n competed with Eu(III) for the adsorption sites, thus leading to the reducing of Eu(III) adsorption onto oMWCNTs. In the presence of or C 60 (OH) n , the adsorption of Eu(III) onto oMWCNTs could be affected obviously by solid‐liquid ratio and the initial concentration of Eu(III).Tetrafluoroborate
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3-Methyl-1-(propyloxycarbonylmethyl)imidazolium octylsulfate 1a and 3-methyl-1-(pentyloxycarbonylmethyl)imidazolium octylsulfate 2a are ionic liquids that have previously been shown to be readily biodegradable in the CO2 headspace test (ISO 14593). In the present study, these ionic liquids were evaluated as reaction media for Diels–Alder and hydrogenation reactions. The comparison of the performance of these two designer solvents in these reactions with those conducted in other, non-biodegradable ionic liquids has demonstrated that they are comparable and viable solvents.
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Abstract The dichotomic nature of ionic liquids (ILs, simple solvents or supramolecular fluids) induced us to carry out a structural investigation of some mono‐ and dicationic ionic liquids using 1D and 2D NMR, resonance light scattering, and UV/Vis spectroscopy. Ionic liquids with different cation π‐surface areas were used, namely [bmim][NTf 2 ], [Bzmim][NTf 2 ], [Bzbim][NTf 2 ], [ p ‐Xyl‐(bim) 2 ][NTf 2 ] 2 , and [ m ‐Xyl‐(bim) 2 ][NTf 2 ] 2 [bmim = 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium, Bzmim = 1‐benzyl‐3‐methylimidazolium, Bzbim = 1‐benzyl‐3‐butylimidazolium, NTf 2 = bis(trifluoromethansulfonyl)imide]. In order to verify to what extent the structural investigation, coupled with the determination of solvent parameters, could help to rationalize the effects of the solvent media on a given reaction, the thermally induced mononuclear rearrangement of heterocycles was studied. Variation of the cation structure has significant repercussions on the 3D structure of the ILs and on the effect they can exert on a given reaction.
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As a new biocatalytic reaction media,ionic liquids have caused extensive interests because of their special characteristics compared to the conventional organic solvents.In this review,the biocompatibility of ionic liquids was discussed,including the toxicity of ionic liquids to microbial cells and enzymatic activities in ionic liquids.The recent advances on biotransformation in different ionic liquid-containing systems were then summarized,such as biocatalytic reactions in ionic liquid/supercritical carbon dioxide biphasic media,biphasic ionic liquid/water-systems and water-miscible ionic liquids as solvents,respectively.Meanwhile,further study on the application of ionic liquids for bioconversion was also put forward.
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Abstract Indoles react smoothly with carbonyl compounds in 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([bmim]BF 4 ) or 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([bmim]PF 6 ) ionic liquids under mild reaction conditions to afford the corresponding bis‐indolylmethanes in excellent yields. These ionic liquids can be recovered and recycled in subsequent reactions without any apparent loss of activity.
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Objective To explore the synthetic ionic liquids whether or not can enrich the ester compounds in indoor air.Methods The ionic liquids 1-methyl acetate-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide([CH2 COOCH3 MIM] NTf2) and 1-(4-methyl methyl benzoate)-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide([CH2 C6 H4 COOCH3 MIM] NTf2) were synthesized by a two-steps method.Their structures were characterized and analyzed by IR,HNMR and MS spectroscopy.And the conductivity in various solvents including DMSO and ethyl acetate was studied at different concentrations and temperatures.Results The spectrum analysis showed that the ionic liquids were qualified.The conductivity of ionic liquids in different solvents increased as the concentration and temperature increased.The conductivity of ionic liquids in DMSO was higher than that in ethyl acetate.The ionic liquid [CH2 COOCH3 MIM]NTf2 had higher conductivity than [CH2 C6 H4 COOCH3 MIM]NTf2 in the same condition.Conclusion The synthetic ionic liquids have stronger interaction with ester solvents,so they are suitable for enriching the ester materials.
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Ionic liquids 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate [bmIm][BF4] and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate [bmIm][PF6] were evaluated as reaction media for allylic and benzylic oxidation reactions using manganese dioxide. The use of ionic liquids as an extractant in the reaction work-up was also investigated. Procedures for recycling of the [bmIm][PF6] ionic liquids used in these MnO2 oxidation reactions were also developed.
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Room temperature ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium dibutylphosphate was synthesized under microwave irradiation.Ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium dibutylphosphate was used as solvent for the selective α-monohalogenation of β-keto esters and cyclic ketones.The α-monohalogenation reactions were promoted with excellent yields,and they were environment friendly compared with those using traditional organic solvents.
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In this paper,a series of imidazolium ionic liquids with different anions and cations were prepared and the performance of these reaction medium for the synthesis of β-enaminones was investigated.The results showed that anion and cation had obvious effect on the performance of the ionic liquids.When anion was BF4-,the activity order of ionic liquids with different cations was [Hmim]+ [bmim]+,[emim]+ [bmmim]+.Among these reaction medium,[Hmim]BF4 exhibited the highest activity and had a yield of 96% after 10 min reaction.When cation was[Hmim]+,ionic liquids with a anion of BF4-,Tsa-,Br-and NO3-exhibited high activity and had a yield higher than 93% after 15 min reaction,while ionic liquid with HSO4-had a yield of 60% after 30 min.When cation was[bmim]+,the activity order was[bmim]Br [bmim]PF6 [bmim]BF4 and these three solvent/catalysts had a yield over 85%,while [bmim]HSO4 and [bmim]H2 PO4 ionic liquids presented a bad performance and had a yield below 70%.The [Hmim]BF4 was reused five times without considerable loss of activity and had a yield of 89% after 10 min.
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