Evaluation of optical fiber microcell reactor for use in remote acid sensing
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Abstract:
An optical fiber acid-sensor based on protonation of a porphyrin solution within a single-hole structured optical fiber is proposed and demonstrated. The liquid-core fiber acts as a microcell reactor, and changes in the spectral signature with acidification are detected. Challenges and limitations in the practical deployment of such sensors are evaluated. An effective chemical sensor is demonstrated, but issues such as diffusion limit its full utilization. Some solutions are discussed.Keywords:
Microcell
The applicability of an embedded fiber-optic acoustic sensor to detect internal cracks and flaws in polymeric materials has been experimentally demonstrated. The sensor is based on a remote polarimetric technique. It has been shown that proper control of the polarization and phase of the optical beam is required to obtain meaningful results. This sensor has shown promising results in determining acoustical properties of plexiglass and obtaining information regarding the location and the extent of the flaw from the amplitude of the fiber-optic sensor signal. The sensing fiber of this sensor is not modified and is mechanically intact. Therefore it is attractive for embedded fiber-optic sensing applications.
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The present review is restricted to fiber optic sensors for AC electric fields. Sensors for DC electric fields which use optical fibers are described in the paper by A. R. Johnston and H. Kirkham in these proceedings. Several fiber optic electric field sensor configurations have been recently studied. Most of these configurations have used a piezoactive plastic coating, or ribbon, bonded to the glass fiber. The incident electric field generates strains in the piezoactive plastic, which are transmitted to the glass fiber, and the resultant optical phase shift is detected by making the sensor one arm of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. In the sections which follow the properties of piezoactive plastics are first reviewed, followed by a review of the fiber optic electric field sensors which have been studied so far. Next, a particular configuration consisting of a concentric piezoactive jacket on the glass fiber, is discussed in detail and the frequency response of this sensor is projected over a wide range of frequencies. Finally, the conclusion section includes a discussion of the advantages of fiber optic electric field sensors.
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Fiber optic sensor technology is explained in terms of theory and applications. Various components common to all fiber optic sensors are compared. Two classes of sensing devices are emphasized: amplitude-modu-lated sensors and phase-modulated sensors. Specific examples of amplitude-modulated devices-one a pressure sensor using an optical reflection technique and another an accelerometer using a microbend technique-are described. Four types of fiber optic interferometers used in phase-modulated sensors are discussed. The effect of the optical fiber jacket on the sensitivity of phase-modulated sensors is considered. A miniature pressure sensor and a highly sensitive fiber optic accelerometer, both employing phase modula-tion, are described.
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The fiber-optic Intensity sensors are made of a light modulating sensor and an optical fiber which conveniently couples the sensor to remotely located optical sources and detectors. Although optical sensors have been In existence for a long time, the versatility achieved by conducting light using an optical fiber has significantly expanded the economy and applicability of optical sensors.
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1 'Many hands make light work'-a perspective on optical fiber from communications to measurement and sensing.- 2 Optical fiber chemical sensor systems and devices.- 3 Sol-gel fiber optic chemical sensors.- 4 Biomedical fiber optic sensors: Problems and prospects.- 5 Fiber optic sensors in environmental monitoring.- 6 Integrated optic sensors.- 7 Fiber optic luminescence thermometry.- 8 Luminescent optical fibers in sensing.- 9 Liquid crystals in optical fiber sensors.- 10 White light interferometric optical fiber sensing techniques.
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