The detection of brain antigens within the circulating immune complexes of patients with multiple sclerosis
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Immunoelectrophoresis
Marmosets infected intracerebrally with the wild Edmonston strain of measles virus developed encephalitis, demonstrated histologically and by the fluorescent-antibody technique. The infection remained clinically silent over a 14-day observation period. Animals infected intracerebrally with the JM strain of wild measles virus had only mild encephalitic changes but died of the visceral form of measles infection. Marmosets inoculated with measles vaccine had no encephalitis and remained clinically well. Marmosets appear to be a sensitive indicator of the viscerotropic and neurotropic properties of measles virus.
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The migration inhibition in vitro induced by measles virus material on leukocytes from 17 patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) was compared with that of 8 patients with various other central nervous system diseases and that of 12 healthy blood donors. Significant differences could not be demonstrated. The results do not indicate that MS patients’ leukocytes show an altered behaviour to measles virus material in the migration inhibition test.
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Abstract While the involvement of measles‐like virus with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) has been shown in many laboratories, the possible mechanisms by which a normal measles infection may lead to the chronic condition are unclear. The work reported here demonstrates that the growth and maintenance of Vero cells infected with the MV 30 strain of measles, in the presence of multivalent antibody, results in a redistribution of the viral antigens within the cells and an alteration in the properties of this attenuated virus which persists even after removal of the antiserum from the culture medium. It is suggested that these in vitro findings could be parallel to the situation that occurs in vivo with measles encephalitis in hamsters and human SSPE.
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis
Vero cell
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A productive measles virus persistent infection has been established in HEp-2 cells. Greater than 90% of the persistently infected HEp-2 cells (H2MV) exhibited measles specific immunofluorescence and haemadsorption. Although most of the H2MV cells contained measles specific antigens, only a small percentage (less than 1%) actually produced infectious measles virus as determined by infectious centre assays. The measles virus produced by H2MV cells exhibited properties different from the initiating parent Edmonston strain virus, being reduced in virulence and also temperature sensitive for replication at 39 degrees C. The role of these altered virus properties in the establishment of persistence is considered.
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Viral culture
Immunofluorescence
Mononegavirales
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Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis
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This study reports on molecular analysis of a Measles virus (MV) isolate from a patient who was infected in Japan but showed symptoms after arriving to Brazil. This patient had typical clinical measles infection symptoms: fever, rash, cough and coryza. After isolating the virus in B95a cells, a fragment of the nucleoprotein (N) gene was amplified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and subjected to direct nucleotide sequencing. The sequence data showed that the MV isolate of concern is of the D5 genotype.
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Objective To analyze the genetic character of measles virus causing a measles-like case on day 9 after immunization with live attenuated measles vaccine so as to confirm the case as vaccine-associated one or accidental one caused by wild measles virus.Methods Nucleic acids were extracted from the throat swab of the patient and sequenced after amplification of 450 nucleotides at C-terminus of measles virus nucleoprotein(NP) by RT-PCR,based on which the genetic relationship as well as homologies of nucleotides and amino acids of the strain to the representational strains of wild measles virus strains of all the 24 genotypes and Chinese vaccine strain(Shanghai-191) were analyzed.Results The virus causing the case was wild measles virus of subgenotype H1a,of which the homologies of nucleotides and amino acids were 97.5% ～ 99.5% and 96.6% respectively to those of the representational strain of wild measles virus of genotype H1 epidemic in China,while were only 91.2% and 86.7% respectively to those of Shanghai-191 strain.Conclusion The measles-like case appeared after immunization with live attenuated measles vaccine was caused by accidental infection with wild measles virus of genotype H1,but not measles vaccine-associated.
Attenuated vaccine
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ve To know the current wild type measles virus and it' s genotype that circulated in Hainan Province. Methods Swallow swab samples of suspected measles cases were collected and isolated virus with B95a cell line. Result Two measles virus strains were isolated from five samples. The positive rate was 40% .RT- PCR and it's product sequence analysis indicated that the two wild - type measles virus strains belong to H1 genotype. It was indigenous measles virus of China. Meanwhile serum immunized by measles vaccine was used to neutralize the two measles virus strains. The neutralization antibody titer was 1:10, 1:20. The result showed that the measles vaccine could protect children from current wild - type measles virus. Conclusion Measles virus was isolated successfully with G95a cell line in Hainan province and was the first identified indigenous wild type measles virus.
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The in vitro comparison of two SSPE measles virus isolates and conventional measles virus demonstrated antigenic identity between these viruses. However, neutralization tests showed an avidity of the SSPE patient's neutralizing antibody towards the wild measles virus rather than to the virus isolated from diseased brain. The cytopathology and plaque formation of these measles virus strains revealed greater resemblance between the SSPE measles and the vaccine strain of the virus than between SSPE measles and wild virus. Differences were found in the growth characteristics of the two SSPE virus isolates as measured by tissue culture assays.
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis
Viral culture
Avidity
Morbillivirus
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