RAPD and essential oil characterization of Turkish basil (Ocimum basilicum L.)
R. Refika Akçalı GiachinoÇiğdem SönmezFatma Aykut TonkEmine BayramSüer Yüceİsa Telci̇Mehmet Alp Furan
22
Citation
56
Reference
10
Related Paper
Citation Trend
Keywords:
Chemotype
Sweet Basil
Citral
Methyl eugenol
Affirmation of variability among Ocimum basilicum L. genotypes is quite sure through sole morphological description. Furthermore, chemical print enhances confidence about the presence of varieties within genotypes. Characterizing the chemical compositions of essential oils for morphologically classified Ocimum basilicum genotypes was an aim for this work. Hydro distillation of the fresh leaves of Ocimum basilicum genotypes were acquired an essential oil yield of the range 0.09-0.26%. Totally, 36 compounds were identified by GC-MS analysis of Ocimum basilicum essential oil. Thus, a major compound of Bisabolene (45.79% and 43.92%), Eugenol (13.96% and 12.08%) and Estragole (13.35% and 10.15%) were characterized for 01WOL and 02WOL genotypes of Ocimum basilicum respectively. The genotype 03HAD was abundant in Bisabolene (27.22%), Geraniol (10.05%), Estragole (8.72%) and Citral (8.52%). Genotypes of 04HAD, 05KAM, and 06WON were majorly constituted with Methyl cinnamate (51.12-58.05%) and β-Linalool (28.71-32.56%). The six genotypes were characterized as three chemotypes of distinctive constituent, of which Bisabolene and Eugenol (01WOL, 02WOL); Citral and Geraniol (03HAD) and Methyl cinnamate and β-Linalool (04HAD, 05KAM, 06WON). Therefore, consumption of Ocimum basilicum is guided through purposive interests of consumers as of the distinctive flavor character of Ocimum basilicum genotypes.
Estragole
Methyl eugenol
Chemotype
Sweet Basil
Citral
Cite
Citations (1)
Sweet Basil
Methyl eugenol
Monoterpene
Cite
Citations (167)
There are distinct varieties of basil types in the genus Ocimum which makes them very special. Genus Ocimum is widespread over Asia, Africa and Central & Southern America. All basils are member of the Lamiaceae family. The colors of the leaves vary from bright green to purple-green and sometimes almost black. Fresh basil leaves have a strong and characteristic aroma, not comparable to any other spice, although there is a hint of clove traceable. Ocimum Sanctum, also addressed as Ocimum Tenuiflorum is a sacred plant in the Hindu culture and known as Tulasi in Tamil or Holy Basil in English. Meanwhile Ocimum Basilicum, known as Common or Sweet Basil has very dark green leaves. The genus Ocimum is cultivated for its remarkable essential oil which exhibits many usages such as in medicinal application, herbs, culinary, perfume for herbal toiletries, aromatherapy treatment and as flavoring agent. Due to varying essential oil profiles even within the same species, plants may often be classified as a different species as a result of different scents. In the present study, volatile constituents of Ocimum Sanctum and Ocimum Basilicum were extracted using various solvents and their chemical constituents were identified and quantified by using GC-MS in optimized conditions. The profiles of extract from both species were compared in an effort to investigate effects of seasonal variation on their chemical compositions. The predominant species in Ocimum Sanctum and Ocimum Basilicum was found to be methyl eugenol and methyl chavicol, respectively, during different months of analysis.
Methyl eugenol
Sweet Basil
Cite
Citations (87)
The profile and bioactivity of essential oil ( EO ) depends on genetic, environmental, and other factors. We hypothesized that the basil EO may be influenced by the distillation methods. Hence, a study was conducted to evaluate the effect of steam distillation ( SD ) and hydrodistillation ( HD ) extraction method on the yield, composition, and bioactivity of EO of sweet basil ( Ocimum basilicum ) and holy basil ( Ocimum tenuiflorum ). In both basil species, the EO yield (content) was significantly higher from SD than from HD . There were significant differences in the compounds’ concentrations of EO obtained from SD and HD as well, however, the same compounds were identified in the EO from HD and SD . In the EO of O. basilicum , the concentration of 74% of the identified compounds were higher in SD than HD , whereas in the EO of O. tenuiflorum , the concentration of 84% of identified compounds were higher in SD than in HD . However, the concentrations of two of the major compounds of O. basilicum EO (estragole and methyl cinnamate) and a major compound of O. tenuiflorum EO (methyl eugenol) were significantly higher in HD than in SD . The type of distillation did not affect the antioxidant capacity of basil EO within the species. This study demonstrated that the type of distillation may significantly affect oil yield and composition but not the antioxidant capacity of the EO from sweet and holy basil.
Estragole
Sweet Basil
Methyl eugenol
Steam distillation
Cite
Citations (28)
Ocimum basilicum L. (sweet basil) is known to occur as several chemotypes or cultivars that differ in their essential oil composition. The surprising discovery of 3,7-dimethylocta-1,7-dien-3-ol, the rare α isomer of the well-known monoterpene alcohol β-linalool (3,7-dimethylocta-1,6-dien-3-ol), in samples of Serbian basil oil provoked an investigation of the origin of α-linalool in these samples. Three scenarios were considered, namely (a) the existence of a new natural chemotype, (b) an artefactual formation during the isolation procedure and (c) the case of a synthetic/forged oil.Noteworthy amounts (15.1-16.9%) of pure α-linalool were isolated from a commercial sample of basil oil, and detailed spectral analyses (MS, IR, (1) H and (13) C NMR) unequivocally confirmed its identity. The analysis by GC and GC/MS of an additional 20 samples of different O. basilicum oils commercially available on the Serbian market or isolated from plant material cultivated in Serbia resulted in the identification of 149 compounds. The obtained compositional data were compared using multivariate statistical analysis to reveal the possible existence of a new basil chemotype.The results of the chemical and statistical analyses give more pro arguments for the synthetic/forged oil hypothesis and suggest that α-linalool could be used as a marker compound of such O. basilicum oils.
Chemotype
Monoterpene
Sweet Basil
Cite
Citations (28)
Exposure of basil plants (Ocimum basilicum) in a controlled environmental room temperature to supplementary UV-B light for 3 h per day in the early morning over a period of two weeks resulted in shorter plants with higher dry matter, thicker leaves and more axillary shoots. Supplementary UV-B did not affect plant leaf area or number of leaf-pairs; however, specific leaf area was significantly increased due to increase in leaf thickness. Analysis of volatile oils by TD-GC/MS in fresh leaf samples harvested after one and two weeks of treatment showed that UV-B also stimulated the synthesis of the phenyl-propanoid, eugenol and the terpenoids 1, 8-cineole and linalool. There was no effect on volatile oil composition.
Key words: Ocimum basilicum, basil, growth, essential oil composition, 1, 8-cineole, linalool, eugenol, UV-B.
Methyl eugenol
Sweet Basil
Monoterpene
Cite
Citations (50)
Chemotype
Citral
Carvone
Rhipicephalus microplus
Menthone
Lippia
Citronellol
Cite
Citations (84)
The chemical compositions of essential oils obtained from Ocimum basilicum var. thyrsiflora (1.39 % dry weight) and Ocimum basilicum (0.61 %) were analyzed by GC-MS. Seventy-three constituents representing 99.64 % of the chromatographic peak area were obtained in the O. basilicum var. thyrsiflora oil, whereas 80 constituents representing 91.11 % observed in the essential oil of O. basilicum were obtained. Methyl chavicol (81.82 %), ?-(E)-ocimene (2.93 %) and ?-(E)- bergamotene (2.45 %) were found to be the dominant constituents in O. basilicum var. thyrsiflora oil while O. basilicum contained predominantly linalool (43.78 %), eugenol (13.66 %) and 1,8-cineole (10.18 %). The clear separation of the volatiles in all samples, demonstrated by the application of GC?GC, resulted in significantly different fingerprints for the two types of basil. The O. basilicum oil showed strong antioxidant activity while the oil of O. basilicum var. thyrsiflora exhibited very low activity, which was attributed to the significant differences in linalool and eugenol contents in these essential oils.
Methyl eugenol
Sweet Basil
Cite
Citations (78)
The essential oils of Ocimum ciliatum Hornem, Ocimum basilicum var. purpurascens Benth, Ocimum basilicum var. dianatnejadii Salimi and Ocimum minimum L. from aerial parts of plants grown in Iran were obtained by hydro-distillation and examined by gas chromatography (GC) and GC–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). In total, twenty-eight, thirty-two, twenty-five and thirty-four constituents were identified and quantified in O. ciliatum, O. basilicum var. purpurascens, O. basilicum var. dianatnejadii and O. minimum, representing 93.9–98.5% of the total oils, respectively. Methyl chavicol (30.3%), geranial (23.0%), neral (16.8%) and methyl eugenol (5%) were the major components in the oil of O. ciliatum. Methyl chavicol (43.0%) and linalool (28.9%) were identified as the major compounds in the oil of O. basilicum var. purpurascens, while methyl chavicol (37.6%), linalool (33.4%) and α-cadinol (5.7%) were the major constituents in the oil of O. basilicum var. dianatnejadii. The essential oil of O. minimum was rich geranyl acetate (45.6%) and linalool (25.6%).
Methyl eugenol
Sweet Basil
Cite
Citations (12)
Focusing on volatile organic compounds (VOC) of Ocimum basilicum, this study aims to determine the chemical composition of VOC in secretory trichomes and compare it with that of essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation of leaves. The technique of extracting the content of glandular trichomes refers to the microneedle shuttle analysis. Hydrodistillation of fresh leaves was done with a Clevenger distiller (EO). The chemical compositions were determined by GC/FID and GC/MS. The head of the capitate trichomes does not contain volatile compounds. Fifty volatile compounds were detected in the EO, and twenty-four volatile compounds were detected in the VOC; the main components were eugenol (from 15.47 ± 1.05% to 41.89 ± 2.83%) and linalool (from 32.05 ± 2.57% to 28.99 ± 2.32%), respectively. During the distillation of the basil leaves 26 artifacts are formed. The composition of the essential oil of O. basilicum therefore depends not only on the plant but also on the method used to obtain it.
Trichome
Methyl eugenol
Sweet Basil
Cite
Citations (6)