Molecular cloning and functional analysis of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 1 (NOD1) in olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus
Seong Bin ParkJun-ichi HikimaYoshiaki SuzukiMaki OhtaniSeong Won NhoIn SeokHo Bin JangHidehiro KondoIkuo HıronoTakashi AokiTae Sung Jung
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Keywords:
Edwardsiella tarda
Olive flounder
Paralichthys
NOD1
Cloning (programming)
Two bacteria strains were isolated from emaciated olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) in aquafarm and were identificated as Vibrio harveyi (JV1) and Edwardsiella tarda (JE1), respectively. In the challenge experiments, we found 100% cumulative mortalities in all of olive flounder injected with JV1, JE1 or JV1+JE1 within eleven days after the injection. Two bacteria strains were reisolated from dead fish and were analyzed using the PCR method. In the physilogical analysis, the hematocrit, AST, ALT and cholesterol levels in experimental groups were increased significantly compared to those in control group, but the glucose, total protein and triglyceride levels were significantly decreased. Additionally, the lysozyme activity in the blood serum was decreased. The histopathological observations of the intestine showed that all groups had detachment and destruction of epithelial tissues except for the control group.
Paralichthys
Olive flounder
Edwardsiella tarda
Vibrio harveyi
Hepatopancreas
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We tested the effects of short-term dietary supplementation of Spirulina pacifica on non-specific responses and disease resistance to Edwardsiella tarda in olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus. Four isonitrogenous (46% crude protein) and isocaloric (17.3 MJ/kg dry mass) experimental diets were formulated to contain 0, 3, 6 or 9% S. pacifica (designated SPI0, SPI3, SPI6 and SPI9, respectively). Three replicate fish groups (30 fish/tank) were fed one of the experimental diets for 15 days. After 15 days, healthy fish (30 per dietary treatment) of similar size were injected with 1 mL of E. tarda suspension to evaluate disease resistance. Dietary supplementation with spirulina resulted in significantly enhanced non-specific immune responses compared to the control groups. Cumulative mortality in the challenge test with E. tarda was significantly lower in fish fed diets containing spirulina compared to that of fish fed the control diet. These results indicate that dietary supplementation of spirulina can enhance non-specific immune responses and disease resistance of olive flounder even over a relatively short feeding period.
Edwardsiella tarda
Olive flounder
Paralichthys
Spirulina (dietary supplement)
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A multiplex PCR protocol was established to simultaneously detect major bacterial pathogens in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) including Edwardsiella (E.) tarda, Streptococcus (S.) parauberis, and S. iniae.The PCR assay was able to detect 0.01 ng of E. tarda, 0.1 ng of S. parauberis, and 1 ng of S. iniae genomic DNA.Furthermore, this technique was found to have high specificity when tested with related bacterial species.This method represents a cheaper, faster, and reliable alternative for identifying major bacterial pathogens in olive flounder, the most important farmed fish in Korea.
Streptococcus iniae
Edwardsiella tarda
Paralichthys
Olive flounder
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Paralichthys
Olive flounder
Edwardsiella tarda
Intramuscular injection
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Edwardsiella tarda
Paralichthys
Streptococcus iniae
Olive flounder
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The effect of extracellular products (ECPs) prepared from highly virulent Edwardsiella tarda PoKF-000623 on the physiological and the immunological function in the olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus was evaluated. The virulence of ECPs on the fish, 5.6 g of average body weight was detected g as by intraperitonial injection. After intramuscularly injected with 0, 4 and ECPs TEX>$fish^{-1}$ to fish average sized 59.1 g of body weight, the fish were measured the glucose and total protein concentration in sera, and immune activity of kidney macrophage. The fish injected with protein showed a significant increase in the glucose and total protein concentration in sera. But, the fish were changed in cellular immune response as lowed chemiluminescence response and bactericidal activity of head kidney macrophage. These results were suggested that ECPs of E. tarda could be effect on the physiological and the immunological factors, especially in the function of kidney macrophage concerning to edwardsiellosis infection.
Edwardsiella tarda
Paralichthys
Olive flounder
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The effect of each dietary supplements (Undaria 5%, Undaria 10%, Obosan 0.5%, Wasabi leaf 2%, Wasabi stem 2%) on the water temperature fluctuation in juvenile olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) was investigated. The response to stress was assessed in terms of effects on haematological and immunological, and resistance against Edwardsiella tarda infection. Plasma glucose and cortisol levels were significantly lower in 5% undaria and 2% wasabi leaf supplement groups than the controls after the first change of water temperature (P
Paralichthys
Olive flounder
Edwardsiella tarda
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Edwardsiella tarda
Paralichthys
Olive flounder
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We evaluated the protective efficacy of a combined vaccine containing formalin-inactivated Edwardsiella tarda, Streptococcus iniae, and S. parauberis using olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus. The fish were injected intraperitoneally with 0.1 mL of the combined vaccine. The fish were then challenged by intraperitoneal injection of the three bacterial strains. Mortality was significantly lower in the vaccinated groups compared with the control groups 3 wk post vaccination. Furthermore, there was a significant increase in antibody titer up to 16 wk after vaccination. Our results suggest that the combined vaccine successfully induced humoral and protective immunity against the three pathogens in olive flounder.
Olive flounder
Streptococcus iniae
Paralichthys
Edwardsiella tarda
Antibody titer
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Abstract Objective: Edwardsiellosis is an important disease associated with high economic losses in aquaculture. In the present study we wanted to determine whether occurrence of Edwardsiella tarda infections in Olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) correspond with changes in water temperature on fish farms in Jeju island, South Korea. Results: In 2017, the number of cases were highest in August and September reaching up to 70% of the sampled fish when the average monthly water temperature was highest at 21.7°C. The number of cases declined to <5% during the cold months of January to March when the mean monthly water temperatures were lowest varying between 15.6°C and 16.4°C in 2017. However, the number of cases in 2018 where lower than in 2017 despite the average annual temperature for both years being equal at 18.2°C. Interestingly, the number of cases observed in the first three months of 2019 corresponded with cases observed in 2017 during the first three months when the average water monthly temperature was 16.4°C and 15.2°C. Data presented herein could be useful in understanding the effect of water temperature on occurrence of E. tarda infection leading to developing intervention control measures against E. tarda infections in aquaculture.
Edwardsiella tarda
Paralichthys
Olive flounder
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