Ultrawide range dielectric spectroscopy of BaTiO3-based perovskite dielectrics
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Ultrawide range dielectric spectra from the kilohertz to terahertz range of BaTiO3 (BT), Ba(Zr0.25Ti0.75)O3 (BZT), (Ba0.6Sr0.4)TiO3 (BST), and SrTiO3 ceramics were presented by analyzing dielectric permittivity and IR reflectivity data. It was found that the permittivity of the ST was determined only by the ionic polarization while that of the BT was determined by the ionic polarization as well as the dipole polarization due to the domain contribution. The high permittivity of the BZT ceramics was attributed to the dipole polarization of polar nanoregions in the relaxors. The dipole and ionic polarizations overlapped in the BST.High permittivity liquids have hitherto been given little attention by scientists and engineers as far as their insulating capabilities are concerned, presumably because they did not seem amenable to a satisfactory standard of resistivity. As a matter of fact, most of recently published work on liquid insulants focuses on hydrocarbons, and, to a lesser extent, mildly polar compounds (aroclors).
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In ferroelectric superlattices (SLs), the short-range interactions and intermixing between contacting dissimilar materials can lead to the formation of interfacial nanolayers with physical properties different from those of both constituents. We demonstrate theoretically that such nanolayers can give rise to a sizable dependence of the SL permittivity on the period even in the paraelectric regime. The results of dielectric measurements performed for coherent Ba0.8Sr0.2TiO3–Ba0.4Sr0.6TiO3 SLs are qualitatively consistent with the theoretical predictions. At the same time, the experimental data indicate that other factors also contribute to the variation of the permittivity with the period in ferroelectric superlattices and multilayers.
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AFe 1/2 B 1/2 O 3 (A=Ba , Sr, Ca; B=Nb, Ta, Sb) ceramics were synthesized and temperature dependences of dielectric permittivity were measured at different frequencies. The experimental data obtained show very high values of dielectric permittivity in a wide temperature interval that is inherent to so-called high-k materials. Analyses of these data establish a Maxwell–Wagner mechanism as a main source for the phenomenon observed.
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We present a theory of the dielectric permittivity in which the intermolecular dipole-dipole correlations are treated explicitly. The results for the static permittivity agree with those which have previously been obtained by continuum calculations. The frequency dependence of the permittivity is related to two relaxation times which contain the effects of only short range intermolecular correlations. Approximate relationships are derived between these times and independently measurable properties.
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Huttner and Barnett's interpretationof the function they call ε(ω) as the dielectric permittivity is crucial in practical applications of their theory. We show explicitly that ε(ω) is the permittivity but that their microscopic model can only describe certain types of permittivity.
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Resonance and waveguide methods of measurement of complex permittivity of high absorbing liquid at millimeter wave length are proposed and implemented. The methods are based on the use of electromagnetic wave crossing through a dielectric rod surrounded by an investigated liquid. Coefficients of pair correlation of complex permittivity of wine with its physicochemical parameter were obtained.
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Abstract The electric permittivity of nematic 44′ n-pentylcyanobiphenyl has been measured in the presence of electric and magnetic fields. Values of the permittivity components for the aligned state have been obtained and analysed in terms of the statistical theory of Maier and Meier. The behaviour of bulk samples of the material in electric and magnetic fields has been investigated, and yielded a mean permittivity for the non-aligned state. The macroscopic behaviour is discussed in terms of the continuum theory. Variable frequency measurements have shown the presence of a dispersion region in ε∥ at about 5 MHz.
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Measurement methods of complex permittivity of dielectric materials from 20 GHz to 3 THz are introduced. The dielectric properties of a liquid crystal polymer were not affected by environmental conditions, thus liquid crystal can become a candidate for insulating materials used in THz communications.
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A computer program was developed to fit multiple-term Debye-type expressions to published data of permittivity for muscle. The number of terms in this expression was varied and tested for significance. Based on these results, closed form expressions for dielectric permittivity and conductivity are suggested for use as estimators over the 10 Hz-100 GHz range.
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