Multilag Correlation Estimators for Polarimetric Radar Measurements in the Presence of Noise
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Abstract The quality of polarimetric radar data degrades as the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) decreases. This substantially limits the usage of collected polarimetric radar data to high SNR regions. To improve data quality at low SNRs, multilag correlation estimators are introduced. The performance of the multilag estimators for spectral moments and polarimetric parameters is examined through a theoretical analysis and by the use of simulated data. The biases and standard deviations of the estimates are calculated and compared with those estimates obtained using the conventional method.Polarimetry is a non-destructive technique that measures the degree of rotation of polarized light passing through an optically active material. Optical activity is determined by various factors, including intrinsic optical properties and residual stress. Thus, polarimetry can be used in various fields. In this study, polarimetry was used to evaluate the two-dimensional spatial uniformity of optical birefringence in an Ajinomoto build-up film. This analysis can predict the optimal cure condtitions of the film, which creates a uniform phase retardation distribution.
Photoelasticity
Optical Rotation
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Applications of optical polarimetry are reviewed, and limitations of polarimetry are discussed in the context of information content and error management of polarimetry applications. Polarimetric measurement techniques are categorized as spectral or nonspectral, active or passive, monostatic or bistatic, and whether or not measurements of the complete Stokes vector or Mueller matrix are made. Specific examples from the literature of passive polarimetry, laser polarimetry, and spectropolarimetry are discussed.
Mueller calculus
Stokes parameters
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Polarimetry sensor development has been in work for some time to determine the best use of polarimetry to differentiate between manmade objects and objects made by nature. Both MWIR and LWIR Focal Plane Arrays (FPAs) have been built at Raytheon Vision Systems each with exceedingly higher extinction ratios. This paper compares field imagery between MWIR and LWIR micro-grid polarimetric sensors independently and during simultaneous image collects. LWIR polarimetry has the largest polarimetric signal level and an emissive polarimetric signature which allows detection at thermal crossover and is less dependent on sun angles. Polished angled glass and metal objects are easily detected using LWIR polarimetry. While LWIR polarimetry has many advantages its resolution is not as good as MWIR. MWIR polarimetry has higher resolution than LWIR. With good sun angles plastic drums, and wet surfaces provide good polarization signatures. With poor sun angles detection can be challenging. To gain acceptance polarimetric sensors must provide intelligence signatures that are better than existing nonpolarimetric Infrared sensors. This paper shows several examples of images without polarimetric processing and identical images with MWIR and/or LWIR polarimetric fusion onto the non-polarized images to show the improvement of detection using polarimetric sensors. It is the author's belief that the fastest way to gain acceptance of polarimetric remote sensing is through field demonstration as shown in Figure 1.
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Mode (computer interface)
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Polarimetry is expected to play a major role as a diagnostic tool for GRBs. Techniques and methods for X/Gamma ray polarimetry are reviewed including the specific problems related to the transient nature of the sources. Optical data do not encourage optimistic predictions on polarimetry of afterglows. I review some of the existing and proposed experiments for the prompt and discuss the existing results.
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Presently polarimetry characteristics show great potential in the recognition of ballistic targets.The separability and optimization of ballistic targets' polarimetry characteristics have been researched in this paper.Firstly we define the separability criterion of polarimetry characteristics,which has distinct physical meaning.Based on full-polarization radar echoes of ballistic targets under typal battle situation,the separability of narrow-band and wide-band polarimetry characteristics is analysed.With these understandings,a set of polarimetry characteristics with high separability and robust performance are optimally selected.The simulation results suggest two conclusions.First,the separability of wide-band polarimetry characteristics is much better than narrow-band.Second,for greater angle of precession and shorter period of precession,the separability of polarimetry characteristics is worse.These conclusions are useful in measuring targets with polarimetry on the missile attack-defense background.
Ballistic missile
Precession
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Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation E. Chudakov; Precision electron polarimetry. AIP Conf. Proc. 7 November 2013; 1563 (1): 29–36. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4829372 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
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Mueller calculus
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Mueller calculus
Stokes parameters
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The problem of non-response generally occurs due to the lack of interest, not at home, refusal etc. Many authors developed estimators for estimation of population mean in the presence of nonresponse. Sometimes estimation of product of two population means in the presence of non-response is also needed. Keeping this fact in the view, some estimators for the product of two population means using auxiliary attribute in the presence of non-response have been suggested. The properties of the suggested estimators are also studied. A comparative study of the suggested estimators with the relevant estimators is given. Using a real data set, a numerical study is also given to check the efficiency of the proposed estimators in comparison to the relevant estimators. From numerical study it has been found that the proposed estimators work better that the other exiting estimators in some given conditions.
Extremum estimator
Population mean
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