Paraneoplastic non-caseating granulomatous inflammation of the eyelid.
1
Citation
3
Reference
10
Related Paper
Abstract:
Paraneoplastic non-caseating granulomatous inflammation of the eyelid EDITOR,-Periocular granulomatous inflam- mation is most commonly due to a chalazion or sarcoidosis, and more rarely to allergic granulomatosis (Churg-Strauss), Erdheim- Chester disease, Wegener's granulomatosis, and necrobiotic xanthogranuloma.When no cause for this inflammation can be found, it may be called idiopathic non-infectious granulomatous inflammation' or orbital sarcoid.2We report a case in which this idiopathic inflammation appeared to be associated with squamous cell carcinoma of the lung.Keywords:
Granulomatous Inflammation
Eyelid Diseases
Introduction: Granulomas are common findings in biopsy of various organs. Granulomas are a characteristically focal circumscribed collection of histiocytes along with lymphocytes and giant cells. Objectives: Present study was undertaken to note the frequency and etiology of granulomatous inflammation in various organs by means of histopathology examination. Materials and Methods: The prospective study was conducted for five years (January 2011- December 2015) in pathology department of a medical college hospital. The study includes total 510 biopsies which were showing granulomatous origin. Results: Out of 510 total biopsies, largest number 430 biopsies diagnosed as tubercular inflammation (84.31%), followed by leprosy (5.09%), fungal origin (2.74%), parasitic (1.32%) and cases of granuloma of unknown etiology (1.78%). Conclusion: Most of the granuloma are of infective origin and tubercular granuloma is most common type of etiology in biopsies which shows granulomatous inflammation and lymphnode is the most common affected site. Key words: Granulomatous inflammation, Tuberculosis, Histopathological examination, ZN staining.
Granulomatous Inflammation
Etiology
Histopathology
Histopathological examination
Granulomatous disease
Cite
Citations (0)
Pleuronectes
Granulomatous Inflammation
Granuloma formation
Cite
Citations (40)
Granulomatous inflammation develops under the regulatory influence of cytokines produced by local mo nonuclear phagocytes, T cells, dendritic cell etc. Granulomatous reaction could play an important role in the host defence against metastatic extension of the disease. Granulomas may be found as a sarcoid reaction in the vicinity of the tumour itself or mor e frequently in the regional lymph node. Inhibition of apoptosis of infected macrophages by pathogenic mycobacteria is suggested to be an important virulence mechanism for tuberculous granuloma. Cytokines activated macrophages employ reactive oxygen intermediate (ROI) and reactive nitrogen intermediate (RNI) to combat pathogens but there must be an effective host response. Mast cells are one of the main inflammatory cells involved in the pathogenesis of tuberculous granuloma. Repeat FNAC in cases of lymphadenitis with granuloma, if other criteria for tuberculosis are negative. Repeat FNAC about 23 weeks later will be more informative and will save surgical intervention. One should remember in granolumatous lymphadenitis a proper history and diagnostic criteria should be followed.
Granulomatous Inflammation
Pathogenesis
Chronic Granulomatous Disease
Granuloma formation
Granulomatous disease
Cite
Citations (1)
Eyelid Diseases
Cite
Citations (5)
Background/aims
In patients with hemifacial spasm (HFS), treatment relieves eyelid spasms on the affected side, thus changes in corneal topography and eyelid morphometry may be observed after treatment. We aimed to evaluate these parameters during a 4-month period in patients with HFS treated with botulinum toxin A (BTX-A).Methods
This prospective study evaluated eyelid morphometric and corneal topographic changes in patients with HFS before onabotulinum toxin A application, and after 15 days and 2, 3 and 4 months.Results
24 patients were treated with BTX-A. On the normal side, the mean palpebral fissure height (PF), interpalpebral surface area (ISA), steep K and astigmatism values were 8.7±1.98 mm, 122.09±39.37 mm2, 44.99±1.45 D and 0.9±0.64 D, respectively, before treatment. A statistically significant difference was not observed in these parameters after treatment (p>0.05). On the affected side, the mean PF, ISA, steep K and astigmatism were 5.5±1.77 mm, 67.68±28.49 mm2, 46.91±3.57 D and 2.63±2.46 D, respectively, before treatment. We observed a statistically significant (p<0.05) increase in the mean PF and ISA on the affected side 15 days (8.36±1.91 mm and 115.92±34.44 mm2, respectively), 2 months (8.18±1.80 mm and 112.22±33.57 mm2, respectively) and 3 months (7.27±1.65 mm and 95.48±27.80 mm2, respectively) after treatment. A statistically significant decrease in steep K and astigmatism was observed at 2 months (45.14±1.20 D and 1.01±0.58 D, respectively) and 3 months (45.64±1.77 D and 1.36±1.31 D, respectively) after treatment.Conclusions
The results suggest that treatment with BTX-A in patients with HFS leads to eyelid and corneal changes on the affected eye that are significant during the known period of action of the toxin. Thus, caution should be taken when performing ophthalmological examination in patients with HFS, since it may vary according to BTX-A period of action.Hemifacial spasm
Eyelid Diseases
Blepharospasm
Blepharoplasty
Cite
Citations (17)
Purpose: Active lower eyelid retraction on upgaze is a rarely described finding. The purpose of this study is to describe the clinical and operative findings in two patients with this unique eyelid movement disorder. Methods: The authors identified active, unilateral lower eyelid retraction on upgaze in two patients who had no other ocular or systemic abnormalities. Results: Surgical extirpation of the lower eyelid retractor complex was carried out in both cases. During one of the procedures, performed under local anesthesia, the lower eyelid retractors were observed to retract actively on upgaze. Postoperatively, lower eyelid retraction on upgaze was not present in either case. Conclusions: The authors are aware of only one other case report describing active, paradoxical lower eyelid retraction on upgaze. The mechanism of eyelid retraction in this previous report and in the two patients described herein is not known. The authors postulate that these unique cases may represent a previously unrecognized form of congenital, aberrant innervation of the oculomotor nerve.
Retractor
Eyelid Diseases
Cite
Citations (4)
A patient with chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia contracted cutaneous leishmaniasis of the upper eyelid. Infection of this site is rare because eyelid movements usually prevent the sandfly vector from biting the skin there. It is postulated that the relative immobility of the upper eyelid in this patient was a major predisposing factor for the infection.
Eyelid Diseases
Sandfly
Cite
Citations (14)
Granulomatous Inflammation
Granuloma formation
Cite
Citations (0)
Five patients (four women, 41, 51, 66, and 78 years old, and a 5-year-old boy) had blepharoptosis of one upper eyelid and an abnormal retraction of the other eyelid. Both anomalies were corrected at the same operation by using the tissue removed during blepharoptosis repair in one eyelid to correct the retraction in the other eyelid. As a result, both upper eyelids had a more normal, symmetric appearance and eyelid function was maintained.
Eyelid Diseases
Cite
Citations (0)