Development of 3D ultrasound techniques for carotid artery disease assessment and monitoring
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Lumen (anatomy)
3D ultrasound
Abstract Three‐dimensional (3D) ultrasound angiography was performed to diagnose carotid artery atherosclerosis. Thirty‐five patients (15 women, 20 men) with a history of cerebrovascular disease were examined using conventional color‐coded Doppler ultrasound and 3D ultrasound angiography. Carotid stenosis was initially diagnosed using continuous‐wave Doppler ultrasound. To determine intraobserver and interobserver reliabilities, 21 patients were evaluated using 3D ultrasound on three occasions. Sixty‐five percent of patients were diagnosed with stenosis of more than 50%. Twenty‐two percent of plaques had a smooth surface, 72.9% were ulcerated, and 5.1 % were indeterminate. Data collection for 3D imaging required 5 minutes per patient, whereas image processing and plaque volume quantification required 30 minutes. Plaque volume ranged from 0.053 to 0.685 ml. The intraobserver and interobserver variabilities were 4.16 and 5.87%, respectively ( r = 0.96, p < 0.0001; r = 0.89, p < 0.0001). 3D Color Doppler and 3D ultrasound angiography assessments of plaque volume differed by 8.5%. Plaques were more precisely differentiated using 3D ultrasound, and plaque volume quantification was less affected by echo shadowing after 3D reconstruction. In comparison to other techniques for the quantification of atherosclerotic lesions, 3D ultrasound angiography offers a more precise quantitative method for prospective, clinical studies of atherosclerosis.
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Three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound imaging is a new technique that maximizes the information and image quality of traditional 2-dimensional (2D) B-mode scanning. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of the 3D ultrasound technique to characterize ulcerated atherosclerotic carotid plaque.Using conventional 2D ultrasound, we examined 284 carotid arteries from 142 consecutive patients (101 men and 41 women; average age, 64 years). Eighty-two carotid arteries were symptomatic with atherosclerotic plaque causing 50-99% stenosis. In 62 arteries, the atherosclerotic plaques were visualized completely and were further processed to construct 3D images. Two independent observers rated plaque morphology according to a standardized protocol.The 3D ultrasound showed carotid plaque ulceration more frequently than the 2D method (16.1% and 14.5% of plaques, for observers 1 and 2, respectively, versus 6.5% and 9.7% of plaques, for observers 1 and 2, respectively, P=.125 and P=.063, for observers 1 and 2, respectively). The interobserver reproducibility was very good for both methods (κ=.973, SE=.027, P<.001 for 3D, and κ=.885, SE=.055, P<.001 for 2D), although the 3D method was slightly superior to 2D.3D ultrasound reliably characterized the surface morphology of atherosclerotic carotid plaques. A trend of superiority of 3D ultrasound over 2D was found in detecting ulcers of carotid artery plaque.
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Univariate analysis
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Objective To study the carotid ultrasound in the diagnosis of high-risk groups asymptomatic atherosclerosis lesions of the application value.Methods By the high frequency color dopplar ultrasound to high-risk groups carotid artery for inspection,observe the carotid artery structure and function,evaluation atherosclerotic degree,and do age,gender and risk factors comparison and analysis of the situation.Results The degree of carotid atherosclerosis with age,sex,risk factors have different degree of correlation.Conclusion Ultrasound directly display carotid artery disease inside wall,it is a safe,effective,noninvasive evaluation of clinical and the clinical atherosclerosis a detection means,the prevention and cure of asymptomatic carotid atherosclerosis evaluation and prevention have important clinical application value.
Carotid artery disease
Color doppler
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Lumen (anatomy)
Arterial wall
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Objective
To investigate the value of ultrasonography and conventional ultrasound in the diagnosis and treatment of carotid stenosis.
Methods
A total of 50 patients with carotid artery stenosis confirmed by digital subtraction angiography (DSA) in hospital from October 2015 to October 2017 were selected. All the patients were examined by CEUS and conventional ultrasound, and these two diagnostic methods were evaluated. The DSA examination was taken as the gold standard, the diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, specificity of two methods were assessed.
Results
Compared with conventional ultrasound, the diagnostic results of CEUS and DSA were more similar; The DSA diagnosis was taken as the gold standard, the accuracy of CEUS in the diagnosis of carotid artery stenosis was higher than that of conventional ultrasound (P<0.05).
Conclusions
Ultrasonography has high accuracy in carotid stenosis and can effectively evaluate the degree of stenosis, and provid an important basis for clinical treatment.
Key words:
Carotid artery stenosis; Contrast-enhanced ultrasound; Conventional ultrasound; Diagnosis
Gold standard (test)
Digital subtraction angiography
Contrast-enhanced ultrasound
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Concomitant
Endarterectomy
Carotid artery disease
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Carotid stenting
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