Relationships between QT interval and heart rate variability at rest and the covariates in healthy young adults
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Autonomic function
Although analysis of heart rate variability is widely used for the assessment of autonomic function, its fundamental framework linking low-frequency and high-frequency components of heart rate variability with sympathetic and parasympathetic autonomic divisions has developed in the 1980s. This simplified framework is no longer able to deal with much evidence about heart rate variability accumulated over the past half-century. This review addresses the pitfalls caused by the old framework and discusses the points that need attention in autonomic assessment by heart rate variability.
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Heart rate variability (HRV) is defined as the difference in the timing of intervals between successive heartbeats and is used as a surrogate measure to the responsiveness of the autonomic nervous system. A review and synthesis of HRV as an indicator of autonomic nervous system responsiveness to pharmacologic stimulation/blockade of sympathetic and/or parasympathetic nervous system branches have not been completed.
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Sympathetic nervous system
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Autonomic dysfunctions have been associated with many clinical disorders. Dysregulation of autonomic functions is reported to be involved in etiopathogenesis of cardio-metabolic diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, heart diseases and so on. Therefore, recently autonomic function tests (AFTs) have become part of routine patient investigations in medical practice. Standard autonomic assessments include conventional AFTs, spectral analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) and blood pressure variability (BPV). Recently, HRV analysis has become a more popular test in investigating autonomic disorders. Nevertheless, an investigator should be aware of the limitations of HRV analysis, especially that of shortterm HRV, especially when it is done as a single investigation of the AFT. Therefore, in this editorial we analyse the merits and demerits of spectral analysis of HRV, used for patients' investigations in clinical practice.
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Spectral Analysis
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Heart rate variability (HRV), the indicator of the autonomic nervous system-induced modulation of heart rate, is a focal topic in psychophysiological research. The effect of indoor light on HRV may be related to various psychophysiological functions. The current study (N = 20) examined the response of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) to bright vs. dim blue-enriched light (1200 lx or 200 lx at eye level, 6500 K) exposure for five hours in the afternoon among healthy young adults. The results revealed a significant main effect of light condition on the time-domain indicators, with the significantly higher HRV (SDNN and RMSSD) under 200 lx versus 1200 lx condition, and the same case was revealed for the standard deviations of the Poincaré plot in non-linear effects. Conversely, no significant effects were revealed for the frequency- domain indicators of HRV measured with the subjects’ eyes open. These findings suggested that the autonomic nervous system modulation of HRV was stronger under bright light conditions.
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Heart rate variability (HRV) is a useful and powerful non-invasive tool for quantitative assessment of cardiac autonomic function. Recent studies have shown that low heart rate variability is an indication of increased risk for cardiac diseases and sudden cardiac death. Yoga has been associated with improved cardio-respiratory performance. Thirty male regular yoga practitioners doing yoga for more than 3 years, age between 25-45 years (yoga group) and 30 male non-yoga practitioners, age-matched (control group) were included. A computerized Niviqure ECG system with HRV software was used for heart rate variability recording. Our results show that frequency-domain parameters like LF power, LF n.u, and LF/HF ratio were significantly lower in yoga group compared to control group. Time-domain parameters like mean RR, NN50, pNN50 were significantly higher in yoga group compared to control group. We conclude that the yoga increases heart rate variability by optimizing the autonomic functions, which is a good indicator of cardiac autonomic activity during rest.
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Resting Heart Rate
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One way to analyze the function of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) is through heart rate variability (HRV). This approach is based on the analysis of the distance between the peaks of two consecutive R waves expressed in electrocardiograms. HRV evaluations have been developed and have become more accessible and reliable through technological advances that enable the data collection in a simpler, non-invasive, and reliable way. However, there is little information in the scientific literature on the implementation of this methodology to assess the ANS of preterm infants. In this article, we survey the barriers, potential uses, and other topics regarding the assessment of the ANS in preterm infants using HRV.
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Introduction: The analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) has been used as a resource for the measurement of autonomic nervous system activity in different situations. This analysis is based on identifying the strength of bands of low and high frequencies of the spectral function of the RR intervals in heart rate. Studies have shown that the related high frequency band parasympathetic tone controls the resting state, while exercise is associated with sympathetic activation, linked to lower frequency bands. The autonomic nervous system plays an important role in mediating the cardiovascular responses induced by stress. Objective: To describe a technique for analysis of heart rate variability in the measurement of autonomic nervous system activity. Discussion: To perform HRV analysis the “Nerve-Express” uses an effective and transparent visual representation, known as rhythmography method which reflects the structure of HRV wave and acts as a “fingerprint” of autonomic regulatory mechanisms. The wave RR intervals are recorded sequentially forming a rhythmogram, namely a picture of curved wave-specific variability of RR intervals.
Spectral Analysis
Sympathetic nervous system
Parasympathetic nervous system
RR interval
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Introduction: The analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) has been used as a resource for the measurement of autonomic nervous system activity in different situations. This analysis is based on identifying the strength of bands of low and high frequencies of the spectral function of the RR intervals in heart rate. Studies have shown that the related high frequency band parasympathetic tone controls the resting state, while exercise is associated with sympathetic activation, linked to lower frequency bands. The autonomic nervous system plays an important role in mediating the cardiovascular responses induced by stress. Objective: To describe a technique for analysis of heart rate variability in the measurement of autonomic nervous system activity. Discussion: To perform HRV analysis the "Nerve-Express" uses an effective and transparent visual representation, known as rhythmography method which reflects the structure of HRV wave and acts as a "fingerprint" of autonomic regulatory mechanisms. The wave RR intervals are recorded sequentially forming a rhythmogram, namely a picture of curved wave-specific variability of RR intervals.
Parasympathetic nervous system
Spectral Analysis
Sympathetic nervous system
Autonomic function
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