An improved configuration of reflective-type electro-optic modulator with high light-induced damage threshold
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Keywords:
Prism
Reflection
Modulation (music)
생태환경모델링, 수문모델링, 기후변화 영향평가 등 다양한 분야에서 정규 격자 형태의 기후자료에 대한 요구가 증가하고 있다. PRISM(Precipitation-Elevation Regressions on Independent Slopes Model)은 다양한 격자형태의 기후자료 생산방법 중 고지대의 강수량 추정에 유용한 방법이다. 그러나 국내에서는 이 모델의 매개변수 및 모델에 사용되는 수치표고모형의 공간해상도 최적화에 대한 논의가 충분하지 않았다. 이에 본 연구에서는 PRISM을 개발하였다. 그리고 SCE-UA(Shuffled Complex Evolution-University of Arizona) 기법을 이용하여 2000-2005년 1㎞공간해상도의 남한 연평균 강수 격자자료를 생산하는 데 필요한 PRISM 매개변수 최적 값 및 DEM의 적정 공간해상도를 추정하였다. 아울러 매개변수와 수치표고모형에 대한 PRISM의 민감도 분석을 수행하였다. 그 결과 PRISM 모델에서 관측소 최대 탐색반경(67㎞)과 최소반경(31㎞), 지형고도-강수량의 선형회귀식 산정에 필요한 최소 관측소 개수(4개), 수치 표고모형의 적정 공간해상도(1×1㎞) 등을 결정하였다. 그리고 PRISM 모의 결과가 수치표고모형의 공간해상도에 매우 민감하다는 것을 확인하였다. 본 연구결과는 PRISM 기법을 국내에 적용할 때 정확도를 향상시키는데 기여할 것으로 기대된다.
Prism
Prism Adaptation
Triangular prism
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Abstract Techniqus for efficient modulation of multimode unpolariezed light are important for optical communications. Integrated optic and micro-optic modulators were constructed using the electric field induced scattering effects in 9/65/35 PLZT and modulation bandwidths of up to 1MHz were obtained. With proper de bias, a modulation effieciency of 30mW/MHz for 50% modulation indices was achieved in anintegrated optic modulator. The micro-optic modulator was constructed to allow for efficient coupling into optical fiber. The design and performance of these modulators were presented.
Modulation (music)
Electro-optic modulator
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본 연구에서는 M-PRISM 모형을 이용하여 $1km{\times}1km$ 공간해상도 일강수량 추정에 대한 적용성을 검토하였다. 또한 회귀모형을 이용하여 M-PRISM 모형 매개변수를 추정하였으며, 잭나이프 방법을 이용하여 모형을 검증하였다. 기상청 385개 강수 관측지점에 대하여 M-PRISM을 이용하여 일강수량을 추정하고 PRISM 모형과 비교하였다. 비교결과, 강수의 정량적 크기를 추정에서는 두 모형에서 뚜렷한 차이를 찾아볼 수 없었으나, 강수의 발생빈도 추정에 있어서는 M-PRISM 모형이 더 우수한 결과를 나타내었다. 따라서 본 연구에서 제안한 M-PRISM 모형은 고해상도의 일강수량을 추정함에 있어서 매우 유용하게 사용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. This study modified the Parameter-elevation Regression on Independent Slopes Model (PRISM) and investigated the applicability of the modified model (M-PRISM) in estimating $1km{\times}1km$ gridded daily precipitation over South Korea. The model parameters of M-PRISM were estimated by regression curves and were validated using the Jackknife method at the Korean Meteorological Administration (KMA) stations. The results indicate that M-RPISM shows better performance in estimating the frequency of daily precipitation than PRISM while M-PRISM has similar performance to PRISM in estimating the daily precipitation amount. Thus the M-PRISM model proposed in this study can be very useful to estimate high resolution daily precipitation.
Prism
Jackknife resampling
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Prism
Reflection
Brewster's angle
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Utilizing the high photoconductivity of bismuth silicon oxide, we fabricated a total internal reflection light modulator in which optical modulation of the signal is possible. The modulation is implemented by photoconductive collapse of the electric field distribution surrounding a given electrode pair, which results in reduced diffraction efficiency. We discuss the operational characteristics of the resulting optical modulation.
Modulation (music)
Bismuth
SIGNAL (programming language)
Photoconductivity
Reflection
Electro-optic modulator
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Prism A (Rassam) is the last of the six editions of the royal annals of Ashurbanipal prepared in the 640s. Of all the extant texts from this king's reign, it presents the longest and fullest account. The author of Prism A made use of materials from the preceding editions and, as was the common practice, added reports of events to the account given in Prism F two years earlier. Among the characteristics of Prism A are: (1) An increased number of campaign reports; (2) Reworking of previous reports using literary manipulations, and in some cases, corrected data; (3) Emphasis upon the endorsement given to the monarch by all of the gods, expressed in reports of prophetic messages and dreams; (4) Increased mention of the adê-treaties as the rationale behind divine punishment of rebels. Prism A's thoroughly rewritten presentation of the royal achievements was undertaken in the twenty fifth year of Ashurbanipal's reign. The author of Prism A reshaped the earlier image of Ashurbanipal, and as its campaigns reports and final scene proved, the entire world lay at the feet of the Assyrian monarch. And it may just be that the initiator and inspiration behind this grand literary project was Ashurbanipal himself, who saw himself as a most literate monarch.
Prism
Reign
Presentation (obstetrics)
Annals
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We demonstrate an all-optical terahertz modulator based on single-layer graphene on germanium (GOG), which can be driven by a 1.55 μm CW laser with a low-level photodoping power. Both the static and dynamic THz transmission modulation experiments were carried out. A spectrally wide-band modulation of the THz transmission is obtained in a frequency range from 0.25 to 1 THz, and a modulation depth of 94% can be achieved if proper pump power is applied. The modulation speed of the modulator was measured to be ~ 200 KHz using a 340 GHz carrier. A theoretical model is proposed for the modulator and the calculation results indicate that the enhanced THz modulation is mainly due to the third order nonlinear effect in the optical conductivity of the graphene monolayer.
Modulation (music)
Electro-optic modulator
Optical power
Spatial modulation
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We present the first experimental demonstration of DPSK modulation using a microring modulator. A 250-Mb/s electro-optic silicon microring modulator is shown with a measured 2-dB power penalty in comparison to a commercial LiNbO3 phase modulator.
Modulation (music)
Electro-optic modulator
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Discusses the user facilities offered by the PRISM service. Considers the benefits in moving among bibliographic records of the commands which differentiate PRISM from previous systems. Demonstrates the use of PRISM through a step‐by‐step guide to a specific author search, recommending practice to polish user skills with the new commands.
Prism
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Prism
Minimum deviation
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