Equivalence of throughflow- and storage-based environs
10
Citation
32
Reference
10
Related Paper
Citation Trend
Keywords:
Throughflow
The pathways of the Pacific to Indian Ocean throughflow and the relative contributions of North Pacific (NP) and South Pacific (SP) water to the throughflow are examined using the Navy Layered Ocean Model. The roles of Halmahera Island in directing flow along the pathways and determining the composition of the throughflow are also studied. The global ocean simulations use a horizontal resolution of up to 1/4° between like variables and have a vertical resolution ranging from one and a half layer reduced gravity to six active layers with realistic bottom topography. All of the simulations are forced by the Hellerman and Rosenstein [1983] monthly wind stress climatology. The predominant throughflow pathway consists of NP water traveling through the Celebes Sea, Makassar Strait, Flores Sea, and to the Indian Ocean through the Timor, Savu, and Lombok Straits. Model results show that the island of Halmahera is responsible for preventing a flow of SP water into the Celebes Sea and for diverting some SP water southward through the Seram and Banda Seas. The island impacts the lower thermocline and intermediate water pathways throughout the entire year and affects the surface layer during the boreal spring through fall. To estimate the relative contributions of the NP and SP surface water to the throughflow, Lagrangian drifters are advected backward in time from near the exit to the throughflow region to their respective sources. By tracking these buoys, it is found that the presence of Halmahera changes the throughflow composition in the surface layer from ∼69% NP and 31% SP to 92% NP and 8% SP. Halmahera does not change the composition of the throughflow in the undercurrent layer, which is fed by the NP, or in the lower thermocline and intermediate water layers, which are fed by water from the SP.
Throughflow
Wind Stress
Cite
Citations (51)
Abstract Although there have been many previous studies that have interpreted the variability of Indonesian Throughflow transport, the processes that determine its vertical structure have rarely been investigated due to limited observations and model inefficiencies. In this study, a regionally coupled model is developed to address this issue. The model adopts an unstructured model grid, with an ~3‐km resolution within the Indonesian seas and straits, and reveals somewhat inconsistent results compared to previous models with coarser resolutions. The results suggest that the seasonal variability of the depth of the Indonesian Throughflow velocity maximum is partially controlled by the seasonally reversed Karimata throughflow, while the remainder primarily originated from the Mindanao–Sulawesi inflow rather than the Sibutu Strait throughflow. The Mindanao–Sulawesi inflow possesses a subsurface velocity core similar to that of the Makassar Strait, with a deep (shallow) maximum during El Niño (La Niña) years that plays a crucial role in determining the downstream Makassar throughflow profile in the interannual time scale. A sensitivity experiment by fixing Indian Ocean boundary condition shows that the impacts from the Indian Ocean might be significant only within the intraseasonal to seasonal time scales.
Throughflow
Inflow
Cite
Citations (13)
Throughflow
Cite
Citations (49)
Throughflow
Linear stability
Cite
Citations (27)
Using OGCM experiments with and without the South China Sea throughflow, it is shown that this throughflow plays an important role in generating the subsurface maxima in the meridional velocity of the Makassar Strait throughflow. The maximum in the southward flow is located at subsurface around 110 m in the control run, whereas that exists near the surface without the South China Sea throughflow. This results in 0.18 PW difference in the southward heat transport by the Makassar Strait throughflow, suggesting that the South China Sea throughflow may play an important role in climate variability of the Indo‐Pacific region. Furthermore, the South China Sea throughflow, which undergoes a seasonal variation with a maximum in boreal winter, significantly influences the simulated seasonal variation in the Makassar Strait throughflow.
Throughflow
China sea
Cite
Citations (109)
Throughflow
Cite
Citations (21)
Abstract The contribution of throughflow to storm runoff is examined using a chemical mixing model. The results predict that throughflow is an important component of storm runoff particularly during the period of stream recession. Supporting hydrological data suggests that a major throughflow input occurs coincident with the stream discharge peak. The two sets of results therefore conflict in the predicted timing of the throughflow response.
Throughflow
Cite
Citations (47)
The Indonesian Throughflow, the passage of water from the western Pacific into the southeastern Indian Ocean, provides the main path by which climate signals are transferred between the Pacific and Indian Oceans. The volume, heat, and freshwater content carried by the throughflow affect both oceans as well as the regional climate.
Throughflow
Cite
Citations (0)
This paper presents a thoroughly derived theory that incorporates unsteady formulations into standard throughflow methods such that certain transient characteristics can be captured by throughflow analysis. In analogy to the relation between conventional throughflow methods and the mixing plane concept, this paper proposed a novel approach of quantifying the unsteadiness by relating the throughflow method to the chorochronic interface. Maintaining the advantage of low computational cost inherited from throughflow methods, the new method has huge potentials in the unsteady design of turbomachineries.
Throughflow
Transient (computer programming)
Cite
Citations (0)
In 2008–2009 the Makassar throughflow profile changed dramatically: the characteristic thermocline velocity maximum increased from 0.7 to 0.9 m/sec and shifted from 140 m to 70 m, amounting to a 47% increase in the transport of warmer water between 50 and 150 m during the boreal summer. HYCOM output indicates that ENSO induced change of the South China Sea (SCS) throughflow into the Indonesian seas is the likely cause. Increased SCS throughflow during El Niño with a commensurate increase in the southward flow of buoyant surface water through the Sulu Sea into the northern Makassar Strait, inhibits tropical Pacific surface water injection into Makassar Strait; during La Niña SCS throughflow is near zero allowing tropical Pacific inflow. The resulting warmer ITF reaches into the Indian Ocean, potentially affecting regional sea surface temperature and climate.
Throughflow
Cite
Citations (242)