Detection of parvovirus B19 by dot-blot and polymerase chain reaction
39
Citation
18
Reference
10
Related Paper
Citation Trend
Keywords:
Dot blot
This chapter discusses parvoviruses, small viruses with unenveloped icosahedral capsids that contain a single-stranded DNA genome. The B19 parvovirus is the only member of the Parvoviridae family that is known to cause diseases in humans. It is the pathogen responsible for the childhood “fifth disease,” and presents differently in adults and children. The chapter reviews the taxonomy of the parvovirus family, in which B19 and closely related simian parvoviruses constitute the Erythrovirus genus, and it discusses the B19 parvovirus’s peculiar and extreme tropism for human erythroid progenitor cells that are responsible for the generation of circulating erythrocytes. The chapter details the testing, evaluation, and treatment of patients presenting with parvovirus disease.
Tissue tropism
Cite
Citations (0)
Dot blot
Porcine parvovirus
Digoxigenin
Hybridization probe
Southern blot
Oligomer restriction
Cite
Citations (4)
Parvoviruses belong to the family Parvoviridae. They are single-stranded, relatively uniform, isometric, nonenveloped deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) viruses that infect many animals, including humans. The parvoviruses are extremely resistant to inactivation and can survive in a wide pH range (3.0–9.0) and at 60°C for up to 12 hours. Parvovirus B19 is the only genus of parvovirus proven to cause human infection. First discovered in 1975, parvovirus was not linked to human disease until 1981 (1,2). In 1983, parvovirus B19 was associated with erythema infectiosum; in 1984, this virus was associated with poor outcome of pregnancy and in 1985 with arthropathy (3–5). Parvoviruses are 20–25 nm in diameter, and the B19 genome has been completely sequenced (6,7). There is some antigenic variability between strains; however, the significance of this variability is not known (8). Cultivation of the virus requires red blood cell precursors, but none of the cultivation techniques have practical use for clinical diagnosis. Parvovirus B19 causes a number of diseases in humans. Most parvovirus B19 infections, however, are likely to be asymptomatic or not recognized.
Erythema Infectiosum
Canine parvovirus
Porcine parvovirus
DNA virus
Cite
Citations (1)
B19 parvovirus is the only member of the Parvoviridae family known to cause diseases in humans. Parvoviruses are small viruses with unenveloped icosahedral capsids that contain a single-stranded DNA genome. These physical properties contribute to viral resistance to heat, solvents, and extreme chemical conditions. Because of their limited genome, parvoviral propagation depends on infection of mitotically active cells. In the taxonomy of the parvovirus family, B19 and closely related simian parvoviruses constitute the Erythrovirus genus, separated from autonomous animal parvoviruses, dependoviruses (which require coinfection with a second virus for efficient propagation in cell culture), and insect parvoviruses called densoviruses.
Canine parvovirus
Cite
Citations (0)
Abstract Parvovirus B19 is a DNA virus of the Parvoviridae family. We present four children with unusual exanthems associated with parvovirus infection: a purpuric periflexural pattern, a purpuric vasculitic pattern, and a combination of the two.
Erythema Infectiosum
Cite
Citations (9)
Several autonomous rodent parvoviruses distinct from the prototypic rodent parvoviruses have been isolated. These include variants of a mouse parvovirus (MPV), a hamster isolate designated hamster parvovirus (HaPV), and a variant strain of minute virus of mice (MVM) designated MVM-Cutter or MVM(c). In this study, the DNA sequence of the coding regions of the viral genome and the predicted protein sequences for each of these new isolates were determined and compared to the immunosuppressive and prototypic strains of MVM [MVM(i) and MVM(p)], the rodent parvovirus H-1, and LuIII, an autonomous parvovirus of uncertain host origin. Sequence comparisons showed that the MPV isolates were almost identical, HaPV was very similar to MPV, and MVM(c) was most similar to MVM(i) and MVM(p). Haemagglutination inhibition assays revealed that MPV and HaPV represent two serotypes distinct from previously characterized rodent parvovirus serotypes while MVM(c) belongs to the MVM serotype. Each of the newly isolated rodent parvoviruses was shown to encapsidate a predominantly negative-sense 5 kb DNA genome and to encode two nonstructural proteins (NS1 and NS2) and two structural viral proteins (VP1 and VP2). These studies indicate that MPV and HaPV are autonomous parvoviruses distinct from previously characterized parvoviruses and MVM(c) is a variant strain of MVM distinct from MVM(i) and MVM(p).
Mesocricetus
Cite
Citations (52)
The human parvovirus B19 (B19), the only known human pathogenic parvovirus, was discovered in 1975. Like other parvoviruses it is a small (22-24 nm diameter) non-enveloped icosahedral virus, with a single-stranded genome. As part of its life history it replicates to high titre in the bone marrow, and in acute infection high titres of infectious virus are present in the peripheral blood. Parvovirus B19 is therefore not an uncommon 'contaminant' of blood and blood products. In addition the lack of lipid membrane envelope renders parvoviruses insensitive to solvent detergents, and the small genome confers relative resistance to heat and gamma irradiation. Many medical reviews have been written on the molecular biology, clinical features, approaches to diagnosis and management, and these should be consulted for more information. This review will give an overview of the biology of parvovirus B19 infection, and the more recently described variants of parvovirus B19.
Porcine parvovirus
Cite
Citations (9)
Parvoviruses are among the smallest of eukaryotic viruses. The association of parvovirus with cancer has been reported much before realizing the potential application of parvovirus-based vectors in cancer gene therapy. Unique characteristics of paroviruses such as nonpathogenicity, antioncogenicity, and methods of efficient recombinant vector production have drawn more attention toward utilizing parvovirus-based vectors in cancer gene therapy. Although more than 30 different parvoviruses have been identified thus far, recombinant vectors derived from adeno-associated virus (AAV), minute virus of mice (MVM), LuIII and parvovirus H1 have been successfully tested in many preclinical models of human diseases including cancer. This chapter focuses on the potential of nonreplicating and autonomously replicating parvoviral vectors in cancer gene therapy including strategies that target tumor cells directly or indirectly.
Cite
Citations (0)
Subfamily
Southern china
Cite
Citations (60)
Until the discovery of Human bocavirus , Parvovirus B19 was the only member of the large Parvoviridae family to be associated unequivocally with human disease. During acute infection, parvovirus B19 has been detected in the nasopharynx, blood, bone marrow, liver, skin, cerebrospinal fluid, and synovium. It is not clear whether parvovirus B19 is eliminated from the host or remains in an inactive state capable of reactivation. It is possible that parvovirus B19 may integrate into the human genome, as occurs with other parvoviruses, such as minute virus of mice and dependoviruses. Acquisition of parvovirus B19 infection begins in childhood and continues throughout life. Infection with parvovirus occurs year-round but may peak in late winter to early summer. Parvovirus B19 has also been linked to myocarditis, a variety of neurologic syndromes, uveitis, hepatitis, renal syndromes, vasculitis, and chronic fatigue syndrome. No vaccine or antiviral is available for parvovirus B19 infection. Detection of immunoglobulin M (IgM) and IgG antibodies is the mainstay of parvovirus B19 diagnosis in the immunocompetent host. Parvovirus B19 is an infrequent but serious and treatable cause of chronic anemia in immunocompromised hosts.
Erythema Infectiosum
Cite
Citations (0)