System for histogram production in automatic midline echoencephalography
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Echoencephalography
Human physiology
Automatic echoencephalography has been evaluated in 3,333 consecutive cases in which the positions of the cerebral midline structures were measured by the automatic midline computer. The great advantage of the technic appears to be the infrequency of false negative errors, although this advantage exists only so long as the transducer is kept correctly positioned. The technic appears to be capable of playing an important part in the early management of the acute head injury. In such cases its measurement of an undisplaced cerebral midline can be accepted with a high degree of confidence. We reaffirm our opinion that the development of automated technics for midline echoencephalography is the most significant advance since its discovery.
Echoencephalography
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Echoencephalography
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Abstract Clinical use of A‐ and B‐mode echoencephalography in neurology, neurosurgery, and pediatrics is discussed, and some results are presented. Descriptions are given of several techniques to obtain two‐dimensional echoencephalographic pictures. Two‐dimensional echoencephalography can be particularly helpful with hydrocephalic babies. Recording techniques for pulsatile echoencephalography and the factors influencing the shape of cerebral echo pulsations are considered. Also, the diagnostic value of pulsatile echoencephalography in several brain diseases is discussed.
Echoencephalography
Pulsatile flow
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We evaluated the clinical usefulness of three-dimensional (3-D) echoencephalography in infants. The transducer was placed on the anterior fontanel and all the sections were serially and automatically scanned in a few seconds. A 3-D image was constructed by an internal computer in a few seconds.We could produce B-mode images at any direction, including those which could not be achieved via conventional methods. By using 3-D imaging, we could easily grasp the three-dimensional structure of the central nervous system. Further, we could measure ventricular volumes. We concluded that 3-D echoencephalography in infants is very useful.
Echoencephalography
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Echoencephalography
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Two surveys of the population of the local mental hospital were carried out by the Amplitude-Averaging technique for A-scan echoencephalography. A total of twelve cases appeared to have shifted cerebral midline structures. Of these, ten were investigated further and four were thought to be cases of false positive error in patients with marked enlargement of the ventricular system from various causes. The remaining six cases were thought to be correctly diagnosed by echoencephalography though this was proven in only three patients. Of the six patients believed to have displaced midlines, most if not all were due to unilateral atrophic disease rather than to space-occupying lesions. The technique would not seem to be economically valuable for the investigation of resident mental hospital patients.
Echoencephalography
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