Fungitoxicity of some higher plants againstRhizoctonia solani
18
Citation
3
Reference
10
Related Paper
Citation Trend
Keywords:
Phytotoxicity
Damping off
Plant Physiology
Biological control of sugar beet damping-off of Rhizoctonia solani by two Streptomyces isolates (S2 and C) was evaluated in this study. The in vitro antagonism assays showed that active isolates had inhibitory effects on mycelium growth of the three R. solani AG-4 isolates (Rs1, Rs2 and Rs3). Soil treatment either with isolate S2 or C formulation inhibited the disease completely and increased seedling stand in infected and uninfected treatments significantly (p<0.05). Compared to controls, all treatments containing bacteria had enhanced shoot and root dry weight and root density. Both bacterial isolates maintained normal growth in pH ranges of 5.6, 7.2 and 8.0 at 29°C. Isolate C grew in pH ranges 5.6, 7.2 and 8.0 at 23-37°C, isolate S2 grew at 18-37°C in pH 5.6-8.0 but did not grow in acidic medium at 37°C. When pH decreased to 5.0, growth of C decreased and S2 inhibited. To elucidate the mode of antagonism, chitinase activity and siderophore production were evaluated. Both isolates showed chitinase activity on medium containing colloidal chitin. Biosynthesis of siderophore was detectable in isolate C but not in S2. The results of this study showed that these isolates had antifungal activities by production of siderophore and chitinase.
Damping off
Rhizoctonia
Cite
Citations (43)
Abstract A 3-year study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of two disease-suppressive Streptomyces spp. to control sugar beet Rhizoctonia solani damping off under field conditions. Streptomyces seed treatments reduced seedling damping off in naturally (2005) and artificially (2006 and 2007) infested soils. All biocontrol agents provided better efficacy than Vitavax to control seedling damping-off. There were no significant differences among Streptomyces isolates. Isolate C increased plant stand by 19.5, 50.5 and 53.75% in 2005, 2006 and 2007, respectively. Evaluation of final harvest revealed that the root yield of the biocontrol agents increased compared to untreated control in these years.
Damping off
Rhizoctonia
Cite
Citations (22)
Damping-off of broccoli was first reported in Japan. Rhizoctonia solani Kühn (cultual type III B) was isolated from broccoli damped-off and its pathogenicity was confirmed. This fungus caused severe damping-off at 25-35°C.
Damping off
Rhizoctonia
Cite
Citations (1)
Damping off
Rhizoctonia
Cite
Citations (15)
Pythium ultimum and Rhizoctonia solani were consistently isolated from cowpea seedlings with symptoms of damping-off in South Africa. Isolates of the two species were tested individually and in combination for their effect on cowpea seedlings in the greenhouse at 20, 26 and 32 °C. Damping-off induced by R. solani was the highest at 20 °C, and disease incidence decreased with increase in temperature. P. ultimum caused most disease at 26 °C and significantly less at 20 and 32 °C. Percentage damping-off induced by P. ultimum was higher than that induced by R. solaniat all three temperatures. Disease incidence incited by P. ultimum was significantly reduced by R. solani when the two fungi were combined, suggesting an antagonistic interaction between them.
Damping off
Pythium ultimum
Rhizoctonia
Pythium
Cite
Citations (0)
The impact of three pre-plant herbicides, trifluralin, pendimethalin and prometryn, on the incidence and the development of Rhizoctonia solani-induced cotton seedling damping-off was investigated in the controlled environmental chamber and in the field. In the controlled environmental chamber experiments, trifluralin, pendimethalin and prometryn were applied to the soil at 1.8, 2.4, and 3.6 μg a.i. g -1 soil, respectively (equivalent to the respective recommended field concentrations of 0.7, 0.9, and 1.3 kg a.i. ha -1 ). In the controlled environmental chamber experiments, where soil was infested at planting, application of prometryn, but not pendimethalin or trifluralin, to the soil caused a significant (P < 0.05) increase in damping-off incidence. In controlled environmental chamber experiments where soil was infested after emergence, damping-off increased significantly (P < 0.05) in the presence of pendimethalin and prometryn, but not trifluralin. In a field experiment conducted in Safford, Arizona, pre-plant application of pendimethalin or prometryn, but not trifluralin, caused significant (P < 0.05) increases in disease incidence. In another field experiment in Tucson, Arizona, a significant (P < 0.05) increase in disease incidence was observed in plots treated with prometryn, but not in plots treated with pendimethalin or trifluralin. In both controlled environmental chamber and field experiments, application of selected herbicides had significant effects on disease development as judged by the slope of disease progress curves.
Damping off
Rhizoctonia
Cite
Citations (22)
Damping off
Rhizoctonia
Cite
Citations (22)
1. The mineral ions of Zn-65, S-35, Sr-89, and P-32 are readily absorbed by the hyphae of Rhizoctonia solani and are readily translocated throughout its mycelium. 2. The age of the mycelium has an effect on translocation of P-32. There was a greater movement from the hyphal tips to the old mycelium than in the reverse direction.
Rhizoctonia
Protoplast
Cite
Citations (12)
Damping off
Pythium
Rhizoctonia
Receptivity
Cite
Citations (1)