Molecular Epidemiology of Adenovirus Type 21 Respiratory Strains Isolated From US Military Trainees (1996–2014)
Adriana E. KajonJun HangAnthony W. HawksworthDavid MetzgarElias HageChristian J. HansenRobert A. KuschnerPatrick J. BlairKevin L. RussellRichard G. Jarman
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Abstract:
Background. The circulation of human adenovirus type 21 (HAdV21) in the United States has been documented since the 1960s in association with outbreaks of febrile respiratory illness (FRI) in military boot camps and civilian cases of respiratory disease.Keywords:
Respiratory illness
Molecular Epidemiology
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Background: The U.S. armed forces recently experienced a reduction in forces along with an increase in operational tempo. The Air Force and other branches supporting its mission share this common military burden and also experience a unique stressor. The Air Force has developed a military force that can fight by night and return home by day. The relatively new phenomenon of "commuter war" was especially evident during Operation Allied Force over Kosovo. Methods: Military personnel (N = 540) participating in Operation Allied Force were administered a survey measuring morale, wellness behaviors, and work-family conflict. Results: The deployment had adverse effects on wellness behaviors of permanent party and temporary duty assignment populations. Additionally, levels of morale and motivation varied between the two groups. Permanent party personnel also reported increased rates of work-family conflict. Conclusions: Commuter war affects wellness behaviors, morale, and work-family conflicts of military personnel.
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The article presents data concerning army medical expertise of neuropsychic disorders of military personnel and recruits. Pathomorphism of diseases stimulates the development not only new unknown features of diseases but triggers appearance so far unfamiliar new illnesses including those of young people. The results of analysis of mistakes of army medical expertise should be used in subsequent developing of the control system on neuropsychic state of military staff.
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Despite recruitment of U.S. military personnel from areas where leprosy is endemic, and despite assignment of personnel to endemic areas, the prevalence of leprosy among active duty personnel and dependents has never been reported. During the period 1970–1983, leprosy was diagnosed in 89 active duty U.S. military personnel and 54 dependents at U.S. military hospitals and clinics. The incidence of leprosy in the military was low, but greater than that in the general U.S. production. The military medical community must be cognizant of the clinical presentation of leprosy because of continued recruitment from and assignment of personnel to leprosy-endemic areas.
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ABSTRACT Active duty military service members (ADSMs) suffer disproportionately from chronic pain. In the USA, military pain physicians serve an important role in the treatment of pain conditions in addition to the maintenance of the fighting force. Expanding roles for pain physicians, including novel therapies, consulting roles for opioid policy, and usefulness in a deployed setting create enormous value for military pain physicians. Ongoing force structure changes, including proposed reduction in the U.S. Military’s healthcare workforce may significantly impact pain care and the health of the fighting forces. Military pain physicians support a variety of different roles in the military healthcare system. Ultimately, maintaining a robust faculty of pain physicians allows for both preservation of the fighting forces and a ready medical force.
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This study examines biopsychological responses and background practices of 182 military personnel participating in a simulated chemical defense warfare scenario. The study explores the relationship between demographic, training, biopsychological response, and termination variables. Common features of dropouts are described.
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United States military medical planning must reevaluate the practices of combat casualty resuscitation, transportation, and triage to secondary echelon care. Analysis of the experiences of other medical commands, such as that of the Israeli Defense Force, offers insight into improvements in equipment and training that are achievable with minimal cost. Training programs must involve formal instruction in Advanced Trauma Life Support for the combat corpsman, and ongoing experience in trauma surgery for personnel who are placed in the role of military surgeons. Today in military medicine there exists a major deficiency of expertise in trauma care, arising through a near total lack of involvement in active trauma surgery on the part of military medical training facilities. Civilian trauma centers offer an abundance of opportunity for military-like casualty management, and successful efforts at our command have integrated active duty personnel into this experience.
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Chronic pain related to musculoskeletal conditions is the leading cause of medical discharge from active duty military service. The present study is the first randomized controlled trial of an interdisciplinary pain treatment program (functional restoration, FR) to decrease chronic musculoskeletal pain and increase functioning in an active duty military population. Sixty-six military participants were randomly assigned to either an FR treatment group or a standard anesthesia pain clinic treatment comparison group. A repeated measures design was employed and data were analyzed for pre- to post-treatment differences, as well as for 6-months and 1-year post-treatment outcomes. Findings revealed significantly greater improvements for the FR group on self-reported pain, disability, functional status, and fitness for military duty at the post-treatment and follow-up points, relative to the comparison group. These results clearly demonstrate the efficacy and military relevance of a FR program for active duty military personnel who have chronic musculoskeletal pain disorders.
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The U.S. armed forces recently experienced a reduction in forces along with an increase in operational tempo. The Air Force and other branches supporting its mission share this common military burden and also experience a unique stressor. The Air Force has developed a military force that can fight by night and return home by day. The relatively new phenomenon of "commuter war" was especially evident during Operation Allied Force over Kosovo.Military personnel (N = 540) participating in Operation Allied Force were administered a survey measuring morale, wellness behaviors, and work-family conflict.The deployment had adverse effects on wellness behaviors of permanent party and temporary duty assignment populations. Additionally, levels of morale and motivation varied between the two groups. Permanent party personnel also reported increased rates of work-family conflict.Commuter war affects wellness behaviors, morale, and work-family conflicts of military personnel.
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We studied a group of active duty military personnel with well-defined, lumbar discogenic, radicular pain syndromes. Our study group included 29 patients, 12 of whom required surgery during the study period. Three of the 29 patients had to be medically retired from active military service. Two patients required permanent limited-duty assignment and 10 others required prolonged (6 months or more) periods of limited duty. These findings highlight the significant adverse impact of lumbar disk disease on fitness for full active duty in military personnel.
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