ADS-B information based transmitter localization in passive radar
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Abstract:
Transmitters' locations are usually assumed to be known in passive radars that exploit the third-party radio sources as illuminators of opportunity to detect targets of interest. However, there are such cases where transmitters' locations are unavailable in advance, causing difficulties for target localization. To address the problem, this paper investigates a novel transmitter localization method that combines the decoded automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast (ADS-B) information and passive radar measurement information. The localization model is established at the first, followed by the discussion of localization uniqueness and accuracy. The feasibility of the proposed method is further verified by numerical analyses.Keywords:
Passive Radar
Passive radar is briefly discussed before the concept of HF passive bistatic radar is introduced using a sky-wave illumination path and surface-wave reception path. The HF passive radar under construction at UCL is described briefly. The signal processing required to reveal targets is presented followed by a comparison of analogue and digital illuminators of opportunity and their potential to detect targets. Finally the signal to interference ratio for the HF specific case is presented and conclusions are drawn on the need for interference cancellation.
Passive Radar
Radar lock-on
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В статье предложен анализ радиопередатчиков, работающих в диапазоне ультракоротких волн, в качестве удобного источника сигнала для определения дальности обнаружения в пассивном бистатическом радиолокационном измерителе координат. Представлен теоретический анализ основных специфических особенностей бистатической пассивной радиолокационной станции, рассмотрены ее энергетические характеристики, а также воздействие различных видов шума при мгновенном приеме сигнала прямой подсветки и слабых сигналов, отраженных от объекта. Проведена оценка бистатических характеристик пассивной технологии при проектировании таких радиолокационных станций дальнего обнаружения объектов, а также исследован динамический диапазон приемного устройства пассивного радиолокационного измерителя координат при воздействии на него шума и мощность отраженного сигнала, которая базируется на эффективной площади рассеяния, что позволяет создать более эффективную бистатическую технологию пассивного обнаружения. Экспериментальные данные представлены в виде математического моделирования, которые включают в себя сканирование спектра диапазона ультракоротких волн в различных условиях для дальнего обнаружения объектов, рассмотрены несколько вариантов воздействия на диапазон различных условий местности и ландшафта. Результаты математического моделирования сопоставлены с теоретическим анализом специфических особенностей пассивного бистатического радиолокационного измерителя координат. The article proposes an analysis of radio transmitters operating in the ultrashort wave range as a convenient signal source for determining the detection range in a passive bistatic radar. A theoretical analysis of the main specific features of a bistatic passive radar is presented; its energy characteristics are considered along with the impact of various types of noise during instantaneous reception of a direct illumination signal and weak reflections from an object. The bistatic characteristics of the passive technology were evaluated when designing such radar for long-range object detection. Additionally, the dynamic range of the passive radar receiver when exposed to noise and the power of the reflected signal based on the effective scattering area, which makes it possible to create a more effective bistatic passive detection technology, was investigated. Experimental evidence is presented in the form of the mathematical modeling, which includes scanning the spectrum of the ultrashort wave range under various conditions for long-range detection of objects. Several options for influencing the range of different terrain and landscape conditions are considered. The results of the mathematical modeling are compared with the theoretical analysis of the specific features of a passive bistatic radar.
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In a complex electromagnetic environment, the measurements obtained by passive radar are usually uncertain due to the influence of many factors such as noise, interference and missed detection. The selection of the measurement model depends on the target state, which affects the implementation and performance of the tracking algorithm and may result in the trajectory tracking diverges under serious cases. Aiming at this problem, a measurement model based on passive bistatic radar is first established. Then the impact of the bistatic and cartesian measurement models on the tracking performance of different types of targets is investigated in combination with simulations. Finally, the performance of the two measurement models is confirmed via real data processing.
Passive Radar
Tracking (education)
Tracking system
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Interest in Passive Radar has grown significantly over the last decade. However, most Passive Radar systems have been experimental set-ups tailored to a signal frequency band or a single illuminator. In this paper, the design considerations and the resulting Multiband Bistatic Passive Radar (MBPR) structure are described and the evaluations of various measurement campaigns with multioctaves array antenna are summarized.
Passive Radar
3D radar
Radar lock-on
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Observability
Passive Radar
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This chapter provides a first insight into the principle of operation of a passive radar. The bistatic geometry will be introduced as well as the concepts of bistatic range and bistatic Doppler resolution. The well-known radar equation is also derived for the specific case of a bistatic passive radar. In addition, basic schemes for signal processing are presented together with a glimpse of the main issues related to the direct signal suppression.
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SIGNAL (programming language)
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Abstract : This tutorial describes the basis of passive bistatic radar (PBR) systems, and in particular the nature of the waveforms of illuminators of opportunity that they exploit. It shows that there is a wide variety of such waveforms, from broadcast, communications and radionavigation transmissions, and that in general they are not optimum for radar purposes. In addition, they usually vary significantly as a function of time, with the imposed modulation. It is therefore necessary to understand the effect of the waveform on the performance of the passive bistatic radar, so as to be able to choose the most appropriate illuminator, and to use the waveform in the optimal way, and it is in this sense that PBR forms a part of the subject of waveform diversity. The tutorial presents a short summary of the properties of bistatic radar, then goes on to consider the specific case of passive bistatic radar. Next, two brief sections provide a review of the radar equation for bistatic radar and of the ambiguity function for bistatic radar, before considering the properties of a variety of different waveforms that may be used for passive bistatic radar purposes and how best to exploit them. Finally, a description is given of some practical passive bistatic radar systems and examples of results.
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Ambiguity function
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The bistatic radar has been revitalized over the last few years through the rapid development of the passive bistatic radar technology. Passive bistatic radar systems have unique properties, especially is time on target high compared to traditional radar systems, as well as the freedom in choosing from the available transmitters of opportunity. This paper will focus on how to take advantage of the latter of these two special properties in order to achieve better range resolution while maintaining the high coherent processing interval.
Passive Radar
3D radar
Radar lock-on
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Man-portable radar
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The bistatic radar has been revitalized over the last few years through the rapid development of the passive bistatic radar technology. Passive bistatic radar systems have unique properties, especially is time on target high compared to traditional radar systems, as well as the freedom in choosing from the available transmitters of opportunity. This paper will focus on how to take advantage of the latter of these two special properties in order to achieve better range resolution.
Passive Radar
3D radar
Radar lock-on
Fire-control radar
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In the paper, an analysis of bistatic tracking accuracy in passive radar is presented. The influence of parameters such as integration time, probability of false alarm, signal-to-noise ratio and spectral density of process noise is investigated. Simulations are performed for three popular types of illuminators of opportunity: FM, DAB and DVB-T.
Passive Radar
Tracking (education)
False alarm
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