<title>Structural peculiarities of metal alloy and multilayer films synthesized from laser erosion plasma</title>
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Results of experimental investigations and numerical simulations of thin films and multilayers of Fe-Al and Co-Cu binary systems synthesized by PLD are presented. The influence of specific features of PLF on the structure of thin metal and alloy films is discussed. Examples of non- conventional microstructure formation are given.Bone possesses excellent mechanical properties, which are closely related to its favorable microstructures optimized by nature through millions of years. In this work, a scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to observe the microstructures of a shankbone. It showed that the bone is a kind of bioceramic composite consisting of hydroxyapatite layers and collagen protein matrix. The hydroxyapatite layers are further composed of long and thin hydroxyapatite sheets. The hydroxyapatite sheets in different hydroxyapatite layers distribute along different orientations, which composes a kind of intersectant microstructure. The maximum pullout force of the intersectant microstructure was investigated and compared with that of 0° microstructure with their representative models. The result indicated that the maximum pullout force of the intersectant microstructure is markedly larger than that of the 0° microstructure, which was experimentally verified.
Bioceramic
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In order to make clear the formation process, the property and the effect on tensile property of abnormal microstructure formed in hot rolled plates and sheets of α+β titanium alloys, experiment was carried out on Ti-5Al-2Cr-1Fe, Ti-4Al-3Mo-1V, Ti-6Al-4V, and Ti-8Mn alloys. Hot rolling was carried out under various conditions so as to investigate the formation process of the abnormal microstructure observed by optical microscopy, and hardness of that microstructure formed was measured by the microhardness tester.Concentration of alloying elements at the abnormal microstructure was also measured by means of electron probe microanalyzer. Tensile test was carried out on hot rolled plates and sheets with and without the abnormal microstructure to obtain the effect of the said microstructure. The results are summarized as follows:(1) The abnormal microstructure in hot rolled plates and sheets is formed, with an elongated shape, by rolling from the abnormal microstructure already existing in slab.(2) Formation of the abnormal microstructure depends on hot rolling temperature; that is, the temperature around and over β transus makes severe one.(3) The abnormal microstructure has high hardness and contains more β stabilizing elements compared to its surroundings.(4) On plates and sheets with the abnormal microstructure, the elongation, especially in the tensile property, decreases singnificantly and also severe anisotropy is detected.
Elongation
Titanium alloy
Tensile testing
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Based on analysis of the surface layer microstructure of samples obtained from a plate die casting, three characteristics of surface layer microstructure including thick and fine chilled microstructure, a small amount of chilled microstructure and no chilled microstructure, were observed. The formation reasons of microstructures with three different characteristics were discussed by simulating filling and solidification process for the plate die casting. The results indicate that the mode of collision between filling liquid and die surface as well as the solidification sequence have important effects on the formation of surface layer microstructure.
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Ingot
Dendrite (mathematics)
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Isothermal process
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Abstract By alloy melting, microstructure analysis and micro-hardness test, the effects of Sm addition on the microstructure of Mg-12Gd-2Y-0.5Zr alloy with solution treatment and aging treatment were investigated. The results showed that the microstructure of the tested alloy consisted of α-Mg matrix, Mg 41 Sm 5 , Mg 5 Gdm, Mg 24 Y 5 and β’ phases, and Sm improved the micro-hardness value of α-Mg matrix attributed to its better solid solution strengthening effect in α-Mg. The micro-hardness of the alloy with Sm increases obviously from HV121.4 to HV134.3 when compared with that of Mg-12Gd-2Y-0.5Zr alloy.
Matrix (chemical analysis)
Vickers hardness test
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Cu–10% P–6% Sn alloy rods with columnar crystal structure were synthesized in this study utilizing Cu–10% P–6% Sn alloy as the starting material. Continuous directional solidification was used to produce Cu–10% P–6% Sn (mass percentage) alloy rods with a diameter of 8 mm, and the heat treatment procedure was arried out under the condition of cast alloy. Optical microscopy and field emission scanning microscopy were then used to investigate the microstructure of the cast alloy. The impact of heat treatment on microstructure evolution was also investigated. The microstructure of a Cu–10% P–6% Sn alloy produced by continuous directed solidification had a Cu-rich dendritic structure, and the second phase structure was linear or spherical, according to the findings.
Rod
Directional solidification
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Abstract The effect of Sr addition on the microstructure of a melt-spun Al-12% Si alloy has been investigated using X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. The Sr addition has no effect on the phase constitution but has a marked effect on the microstructure of the melt-spun alloy. The distribution, morphology and orientation of Si in the melt-spun alloy with the Sr addition are different from those in the alloy without Sr. Under rapid solidification conditions, cooling rates play a dominant role in the microstructure formation of the Al-12% Si alloy.
Melt spinning
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The effects of three rolling temperature on the microstructures and mechanical properties of IMI550 alloy 22 mm bars were studied. Experimental raw material having the same amount of rolling deformation,but rolling temperatures were Tβ- 60℃,Tβ- 25 ℃ and Tβ+ 15 ℃. The results showed that the microstructure of IMI550 titanium bars rolling by Tβ- 60 ℃,Tβ-25 ℃ and Tβ+ 15 ℃ were equiaxed microstructure,duplex microstructure and basketweave microstructure respectively. The room temperature tensile strength and 400 ℃ high temperature tensile strength with equiaxed microstructure,duplex microstructure and basketweave microstructure did not show significant difference,and plastic of equiaxed microstructure and duplex microstructure were also similar. The plastic of basketweave microstructure is relatively poor,but the creep properties is the best,duplex microstructure is the second,equiaxed microstructure is the worst.
Equiaxed crystals
Titanium alloy
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Equiaxed crystals
Titanium alloy
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