PID tuning rules for minimum-time rest-to-rest transitions
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Rest (music)
Feedback Control
A frequency-domain technique is used for design of constant gain feedforward control against disturbances in multivariable feedback control systems. It is demonstrated that feedforward should not be designed independently of the feedback.
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Constant (computer programming)
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Statistic
Feedforward neural network
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This note analyzes incoherent feedforward loops in signal processing and control. It studies the response properties of IFFL's to exponentially growing inputs, both for a standard version of the IFFL and for a variation in which the output variable has a positive self-feedback term. It also considers a negative feedback configuration, using such a device as a controller. It uncovers a somewhat surprising phenomenon in which stabilization is only possible in disconnected regions of parameter space, as the controlled system's growth rate is varied.
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Regulation of gene expression is of paramount importance in all living systems. In the past two decades, it has been discovered that certain motifs, such as the feedforward motif, are overrepresented in gene regulatory circuits. Feedforward loops are also ubiquitous in process control engineering, and are nearly always structured so that one branch has the opposite effect of the other, which is a structure known as an "incoherent" feedforward loop in biology. In engineered systems, feedforward control loops are subject to several engineering constraints, including that (1) they are finely-tuned so that the system returns to the original steady state after a disturbance occurs (perfect adaptation), (2) they are typically only implemented in the combination with negative feedback, and (3) they can greatly improve the stability and dynamical characteristics of the conjoined negative feedback loop. On the other hand, in biology, incoherent feedforward loops can serve many purposes, one of which may be perfect adaptation. It is an open question as to whether those that achieve perfect adaptation are subject to the above engineering principles.We analyzed an incoherent feedforward gene regulatory motif from the standpoint of the above engineering principles. In particular, we showed that an incoherent feedforward loop Type 1 (I1-FFL), from within a gene regulatory circuit, can be finely-tuned for perfect adaptation after a stimulus, and that the robustness of this behavior is increased by the presence of moderate negative feedback. In addition, we analyzed the advantages of adding a feedforward loop to a system that already operated under negative feedback, and found that the dynamical properties of the combined feedforward/feedback system were superior.Our analysis shows that many of the engineering principles used in engineering design of feedforward control are also applicable to feedforward loops in biological systems. We speculate that principles found in other domains of engineering may also be applicable to analogous structures in biology.
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Many industrial processes must be adjusted from time to time to maintain their mean continuously close to the target value. Compensations for deviations of the process mean from the target may be accomplished by feedback and/or by feedforward adjustment. Feedback adjustments are made in reaction to errors at the output; feedforward adjustments are made to compensate anticipated changes. This article considers the complementary use of feedback and feedforward adjustments to compensate for anticipated step changes in the process mean as may be necessary in a manufacturing process each time a new batch of feedstock material is introduced. We consider and compare five alternative control schemes: (1) feedforward adjustment alone, (2) feedback adjustment alone, (3) feedback- feedforward adjustment, (4) feedback and indirect feedforward to increase the sensitivity of the feedback scheme, and (5) feedback with both direct and indirect feedforward.
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Experimental results of vertical and radial position feedback are shown and discussed. In particular, stability problems of vertical position control are studied in detail. A feedforward procedure for the process computer is described and proved by measurements.
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Position (finance)
Feedback Control
Horizontal position representation
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Experimental results of vertical and radial position feedback are shown and discussed. In particular, stability problems of vertical position control are studied in detail. A feedforward procedure for the process computer is described and proved by measurements.
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Position (finance)
Horizontal position representation
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This paper is concerned with the feedforward and feedback control performance assessment of linear time-variant processes. The developed algorithms provide a way to calculate the time-varying minimum-variance feedforward and feedback control benchmark from routine operating data. The proposed techniques are illustrated through a simulated stirred-tank heater example and an industrial application.
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Feedback Control
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Feed forward
Feedback Control
Saturation (graph theory)
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